Biology Chapter 1 Practice Test 1
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Questions and Answers

A hypothesis must be based on scientific knowledge.

True (A)

A scientific theory is a guess about how or why something happens.

False (B)

Scientists make predictions that tell what will happen under any and all conditions.

False (B)

The scientific method includes the steps involved in a scientific investigation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Did life on Earth evolve over time?" This question can be answered scientifically.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientific experiments are performed under controlled conditions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientists can study all aspects of the natural world, including experimenting on an extinct animal.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Communicating your results allows others to test your hypothesis.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Experimental evidence that agrees with your prediction falsifies your hypothesis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first step in a scientific investigation is always to develop a hypothesis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientists gradually build an increasingly accurate and detailed understanding of the natural world.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Newton discovered the law of gravity when an apple fell from a tree and hit him on the head.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientific evidence is any type of data that may either agree or disagree with a prediction.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientific theories are broad explanations that are widely accepted as true.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Assumptions scientists make include:

<p>Nature can be understood through systematic study. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hypothesis:

<p>Can be proved incorrect. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A scientific theory:

<p>Is based on lots of evidence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the correct order in a scientific investigation?

<p>Make observations, ask a question, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To test a hypothesis:

<p>A scientist first makes a prediction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An scientific experiment:

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Food chains are scientific models that:

<p>Make the scientific systems easier to understand. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Science cannot answer all questions.

<p>The above statement is true because science cannot answer matters of belief. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Scientific Hypothesis

A testable statement that suggests an explanation for a phenomenon, based on existing knowledge. It can be proven false.

Scientific Theory

A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, supported by a large body of evidence.

Scientific Method

A systematic approach to investigating a question or phenomenon, involving observation, questioning, hypothesis formation, testing, and analysis.

Observation in Scientific Method

The initial stage of scientific investigation involves carefully observing the subject of interest to gather information.

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Predictions in Scientific Method

Predictions about the outcome of an experiment are made based on the hypothesis. These should be specific.

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Controlled Conditions in Experiment

Experiments should be conducted under controlled conditions to isolate variables and ensure reliable results.

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Sharing Scientific Results

Researchers share their findings to allow for scrutiny by peers, fostering scientific discourse and validation.

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Supporting Evidence

Evidence that supports a hypothesis aligns with the predictions made based on it.

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Conflicting Evidence

Evidence that contradicts a hypothesis challenges its validity and can lead to its refinement or rejection.

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Progressive Understanding of Nature

The pursuit of scientific understanding is a continuous process of refining knowledge and theories through ongoing research.

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Evolution as a Scientific Theory

The theory of evolution, proposing that life on Earth has changed over time, can be scientifically investigated and tested using evidence.

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Limitations of Science

Not all aspects of the natural world can be directly studied through experiments, especially phenomena in the past or those involving complex systems.

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Science and Belief Systems

Science cannot provide answers to questions that fall outside the realm of empirical investigation, often those related to beliefs or values.

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Scientific Models

Simplified representations of ecological relationships, such as food chains, are used to understand complex interactions within ecosystems.

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Food Chains

A sequence of organisms where each one is a source of food for the next.

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Steps in Scientific Investigation

A scientific investigation typically follows a sequence of steps: making observations, posing questions, forming a hypothesis, and conducting tests.

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Predictions in Scientific Investigations

Predictions are a crucial part of the scientific method, anticipating the outcomes of an experiment based on the hypothesis.

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Assumptions in Science

Science operates on the assumption that nature is understandable through systematic study and observation.

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Changeable Nature of Scientific Knowledge

Scientific knowledge is constantly evolving as new evidence emerges and theories are refined.

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Characteristics of a Scientific Hypothesis

A hypothesis uses specific, testable statements.

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Characteristics of a Scientific Theory

A scientific theory encompasses a broader, well-established explanation supported by multiple lines of evidence.

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Study Notes

Scientific Hypothesis and Theory

  • A hypothesis must be grounded in scientific knowledge and can be proven incorrect.
  • A scientific theory is an explanation based on substantial evidence, contrasting with a mere guess.

Scientific Method

  • The scientific method includes systematic steps such as observation, questioning, forming hypotheses, and testing them.
  • The first step in scientific investigation involves making observations rather than jumping straight to a hypothesis.

Predictions and Experimental Conditions

  • Scientists cannot predict outcomes under all conditions; predictions are generally based on specific scenarios.
  • Scientific experiments must be conducted under controlled conditions to ensure accuracy and reliability.

Communication and Evidence

  • Sharing results allows peer testing of hypotheses and fosters scientific discourse.
  • Evidence that aligns with predictions supports a hypothesis, while conflicting data may lead to falsification.

Understanding Natural World

  • Scientists progressively advance their understanding of natural phenomena through ongoing research and refinement of theories.
  • The statement that life on Earth evolved over time can be examined using scientific methodologies.

Limitations of Science

  • Not all aspects of the natural world can be tested experimentally; extinct species, for example, cannot be subject to modern experiments.
  • Science cannot provide answers to all inquiries, especially those related to belief systems.

Scientific Models and Food Chains

  • Food chains serve as simplified scientific models, aiding in the comprehension of interactions within ecosystems.

Steps of Scientific Investigations

  • A proper sequence in scientific investigations involves making observations, posing questions, forming a hypothesis, and conducting tests.
  • Predictions play a crucial role before testing a hypothesis.

Core Principles of Science

  • Fundamental assumptions in science include the idea that nature can be understood through systemic study, and that scientific ideas are subject to change based on new evidence.

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Description

Test your understanding of crucial concepts from Biology Chapter 1 with this practice test. Evaluate your knowledge of hypotheses, theories, and scientific predictions by answering true or false questions. Perfect for reviewing foundational ideas in biology.

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