34 Questions
What is the basic unit of life?
Cell
What is the typical size range of most cells in diameter?
1-100 μm
What is the characteristic of all cells that contains DNA?
Nucleus
What type of cell lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
Prokaryotic cell
What is the term for the cell contents in a thick fluid?
Protoplasm
What is the surrounding structure of a cell that is semi-permeable?
Plasma membrane
What is the primary function of receptors in membrane proteins?
To recognize and respond to signaling molecules
What is the result of a mutation in the CFTR protein?
Impaired transport of chloride ions
What is a characteristic feature of the cell membrane in prokaryotes?
Absence of carbohydrates and sterols
What is the primary function of carrier proteins?
To transport molecules across the membrane
What is a characteristic of the plasma membrane?
It is selectively permeable
What type of membrane protein is embedded in the phospholipid bilayer?
Integral membrane protein
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
To selectively allow substances into the cell
What is the main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
The presence of a nucleus
What is the term for the movement of substances through the cell membrane?
Membrane transport
What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
To increase the fluidity of the membrane
What is the term for the smallest free-living organisms that are considered to be the simplest of bacteria?
Mycoplasma
What is the reason why Mycoplasma contamination is a major issue in cell culture?
It can cause changes in cell metabolism
What is the main function of microfilaments in muscle cells?
To induce muscle cell contraction
What is the composition of chromatin?
DNA and proteins
What is the role of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?
To permit exchange between nucleoplasm and cytoplasm
What is the main function of intermediate filaments?
To provide mechanical support to the cell
What is the function of microvilli?
To increase the surface area of the cell
What is the function of microfilaments in a cell?
To provide mechanical support and anchor organelles
What is the role of the nucleolus in the nucleus?
To produce ribosomes
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
To digest and recycle cellular waste
What is the role of peroxisomes in a cell?
To catalyze reactions that produce hydrogen peroxide
What is the function of the central vacuole in plant cells?
To store water and food wastes
What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
To synthesize proteins
What is the function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?
To provide mechanical support and anchor organelles
What is the function of kinesin in a cell?
To position organelles in the cytoplasm
What is the function of cilia in a cell?
To move substances outside human cells
What is the function of flagella in a cell?
To move substances outside human cells
What is the function of basal bodies in a cell?
To play a role in cell division
Learn about the basic structure and functions of cells, including their types, organelles, and importance in life processes.
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