Biology Cell Structures Flashcards

Study Notes

Cell Structure and Functions

Cytoplasm: A jelly-like substance located within the plasma membrane, providing a medium for biochemical reactions.
Lysosome: A sac filled with digestive chemicals responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris.
Mitochondria: Known as the powerhouse of the cell, these structures convert nutrients into energy through cellular respiration.
Centriole: An organelle that plays a crucial role in organizing the motion of chromosomes during cell division.

Cellular Components

Endoplasmic Reticulum: A network of passageways where various chemicals, including proteins and lipids, are synthesized and transported within the cell.
Vacuoles: Sac-like structures that store water, nutrients, or waste products, playing a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
Cell Membrane: A protective barrier that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.
Nucleus: The control center of the cell, containing DNA, and directing activities such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.

Protein Synthesis and Packaging

Ribosome: Tiny structures responsible for synthesizing proteins from amino acids, essential for cell function and repair.
Nuclear Membrane: A double-layer membrane that protects the nucleus, regulating the exchange of materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Golgi Apparatus: A stack of membranes involved in packaging and modifying chemicals, such as proteins and lipids, for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
Vesicle: A small package created by the Golgi apparatus for transporting cellular materials to their destinations.
Nucleolus: A small, dense structure within the nucleus responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembling ribosomes.

Description

Test your knowledge of essential cell structures with these flashcards. Each card presents a key term related to cellular biology, along with its definition, to help reinforce your understanding. Ideal for students studying cell biology concepts in depth.