Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the general composition of carbohydrates?
What is the general composition of carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are a group of molecules containing carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
What is the process called when monomers join to form polymers?
What is the process called when monomers join to form polymers?
Dehydration synthesis
What is an example of a disaccharide?
What is an example of a disaccharide?
Sucrose
What are the three main types of biomolecules that contain carbon?
What are the three main types of biomolecules that contain carbon?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the sugar molecule that is a component of nucleic acids?
What is the name of the sugar molecule that is a component of nucleic acids?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the general term for the polymers of sugars?
What is the general term for the polymers of sugars?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name given to the long chains of amino acids that are formed by dehydration synthesis?
What is the name given to the long chains of amino acids that are formed by dehydration synthesis?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the monomers that make up nucleic acids?
What are the monomers that make up nucleic acids?
Signup and view all the answers
What is dehydration synthesis, and what is its role in the formation of proteins?
What is dehydration synthesis, and what is its role in the formation of proteins?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the six major functions of proteins in living organisms?
What are the six major functions of proteins in living organisms?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of organic molecule is a ribosome?
What type of organic molecule is a ribosome?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the four main types of organic molecules found in living organisms?
What are the four main types of organic molecules found in living organisms?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Carbohydrates
- Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; include sugars and their polymers.
- Monomers join through dehydration synthesis to form carbohydrates; example: sucrose is a disaccharide.
- Monosaccharides include ribose, glucose, and fructose, serving as energy storage.
Proteins
- Polymers formed from amino acid monomers.
- Functions include: enzyme catalysis, defense, transport, structural support, motion, regulation, and storage.
- Dehydration synthesis binds two amino acids to form a dipeptide; a long chain of amino acids is referred to as a polypeptide.
Nucleic Acids
- Comprised of nucleotide monomers.
- Essential for storing and transferring genetic information.
Lipids
- Another category of macromolecules contributing to cell structure and energy storage.
Macromolecules
- Four main types: carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids.
- Constructed from smaller units called monomers, forming larger polymers.
Water
- Acts as a key solvent for life, facilitating the dissolution of hydrophilic substances like ions and polar molecules.
- The polarity of water enhances its ability to dissolve a wide range of biologically important compounds.
Biological Molecules
- Carbon forms the backbone of biological molecules, connecting to hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur.
- Functional groups include hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, and phosphate, contributing to the properties and reactivity of organic compounds.
Monosaccharides
- Simple sugars that serve as monomers for larger carbohydrates.
- Essential for energy production and storage in organisms.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Learn about the composition and functions of carbohydrates and proteins, including their monomers and synthesis processes.
