Biology Basics Quiz

Anything in the environment that causes a response from a living thing.

A process where offspring inherit genetic material from both parents, leading to greater diversity.

A process where offspring are genetically identical to the parent, allowing for rapid reproduction.

The process of maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes.

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

The basic building block of a larger molecule. Examples: monosaccharides for carbohydrates, amino acids for proteins, and nucleotides for nucleic acids.

Proteins are responsible for structure, movement, speeding up chemical reactions, acting as doorways through cell membranes, and carrying blueprints for protein creation. They are like your body's workforce!

Lipids are essential for energy storage, forming cell membranes, and regulating hormone production. They are important for building and controlling your body.

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions within living organisms. Without enzymes, vital reactions would happen too slowly to keep us alive.

Prokaryotic cells are simple and lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria, which are single-celled organisms.

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane.

A type of cell transport that requires energy from ATP to move substances across the cell membrane.

A type of cell transport that does not require energy to move substances across the cell membrane.

A double layer of phospholipids that forms the basis of the cell membrane, controlling what enters and exits the cell.

The process of converting DNA into mRNA using the DNA as a template. This occurs in the nucleus.

The process of using mRNA to create a polypeptide (protein) by linking amino acids together. This occurs at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

The molecule that carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

A molecule that brings specific amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. It has an anticodon that binds to the mRNA codon.

A three-nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

The process by which a cell's DNA is copied, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic instructions.

The basic building block of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.

A molecule shaped like a ladder, with phosphate and sugar molecules forming the sides and nitrogenous bases as rungs.

A protein monomer that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.