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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?
Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
What is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment?
What is the term for the sequence of DNA that codes for a specific trait?
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Who is credited with introducing the concept of natural selection?
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What is the term for the study of the structure, function, and behavior of cells?
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Study Notes
Branches of Biology
- Botany: study of plants
- Zoology: study of animals
- Microbiology: study of microorganisms
- Ecology: study of interactions between organisms and their environment
- Molecular Biology: study of biological molecules and their interactions
Cell Biology
- Cell: basic structural and functional unit of life
- Cell membrane: semi-permeable membrane that separates cell from environment
- Cytoplasm: jelly-like substance inside cell membrane
- Nucleus: control center of cell where DNA is stored
- Mitochondria: organelles responsible for energy production
Genetics
- DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid): molecule that contains genetic information
- Genes: sequences of DNA that code for specific traits
- Chromosomes: thread-like structures made up of DNA and proteins
- Heredity: passing of traits from parents to offspring
- Inheritance patterns: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked
Evolution
- Theory of evolution: organisms change over time through natural selection
- Charles Darwin: introduced concept of natural selection
- Fossil record: evidence of evolutionary changes over time
- Comparative anatomy: study of similarities and differences between organisms
- Homologous structures: structures that have similar origins but different functions
Ecosystems
- Ecosystem: community of organisms and their environment
- Biotic factors: living components of ecosystem (plants, animals, microorganisms)
- Abiotic factors: non-living components of ecosystem (light, temperature, water)
- Energy flow: movement of energy from one organism to another
- Nutrient cycling: movement of nutrients through ecosystem
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Description
Test your knowledge of the fundamental branches and concepts of biology, from botany to molecular biology.
