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Questions and Answers
What principle of evolution best explains why some bacteria survived after exposure to a chemical that killed most of the population?
What principle of evolution best explains why some bacteria survived after exposure to a chemical that killed most of the population?
- Gene flow
- Sexual selection
- Natural selection (correct)
- Genetic drift
Which process allows some bacteria to survive when exposed to harmful chemicals?
Which process allows some bacteria to survive when exposed to harmful chemicals?
- Random mating
- Inheritance of acquired characteristics
- Symbiotic relationship
- Possessing genetic variation (correct)
Which of the following is a direct result of the presence of genetic variation within a bacterial population?
Which of the following is a direct result of the presence of genetic variation within a bacterial population?
- Bacteria form a biofilm to protect themselves
- Some bacteria are resistant to the chemical (correct)
- The chemical mutates the bacterial DNA
- All bacteria die when exposed to a new chemical
Why is it incorrect to say that bacteria change their DNA sequence in response to exposure to a chemical?
Why is it incorrect to say that bacteria change their DNA sequence in response to exposure to a chemical?
What is the most likely outcome for bacteria that do not possess a genetic variation providing resistance to a harmful chemical?
What is the most likely outcome for bacteria that do not possess a genetic variation providing resistance to a harmful chemical?
Which factor most likely contributed to the survival of some bacteria after chemical exposure?
Which factor most likely contributed to the survival of some bacteria after chemical exposure?
What is a likely reason why most bacteria died upon exposure to a chemical?
What is a likely reason why most bacteria died upon exposure to a chemical?
How can genetic variation within a bacterial population influence survival in toxic environments?
How can genetic variation within a bacterial population influence survival in toxic environments?
Why is it unlikely that bacteria changed their DNA sequences in response to chemical exposure?
Why is it unlikely that bacteria changed their DNA sequences in response to chemical exposure?
What is the primary reason for the survival of some bacteria despite exposure to a lethal chemical?
What is the primary reason for the survival of some bacteria despite exposure to a lethal chemical?
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Study Notes
Natural Selection and Bacterial Resistance
- A population of bacteria was exposed to a chemical, resulting in the death of most bacteria within 24 hours, while a few survived.
- The survival of some bacteria was due to a genetic variation that provided resistance to the chemical.
- This phenomenon is an example of natural selection.
- The genetic variation that allowed the bacteria to resist the chemical was already present in the surviving bacteria, it was not acquired through mutation or ingestion/digestion of the chemical.
- The correct answer is option C: They possessed a genetic variation that provided resistance to the chemical.
Chemical Resistance in Bacteria
- A population of bacteria was exposed to a chemical, resulting in the death of most bacteria within 24 hours.
- However, a few bacteria survived, indicating that they possessed a trait that allowed them to resist the chemical's effects.
- The correct explanation for the survival of these bacteria is that they possessed a genetic variation that provided resistance to the chemical.
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