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Questions and Answers
What percentage of energy is typically passed on to the next trophic level in a food chain?
What percentage of energy is typically passed on to the next trophic level in a food chain?
What happens to calcium carbonate in acidic conditions?
What happens to calcium carbonate in acidic conditions?
Which characteristic distinguishes aerobic respiration from anaerobic respiration?
Which characteristic distinguishes aerobic respiration from anaerobic respiration?
Where are methanogenic archaebacteria typically found?
Where are methanogenic archaebacteria typically found?
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What is the primary waste product released by methanogenic archaebacteria during decomposition?
What is the primary waste product released by methanogenic archaebacteria during decomposition?
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What impact does excessive tree felling have on biodiversity?
What impact does excessive tree felling have on biodiversity?
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What is the main effect of excessive burning of fossil fuels on the carbon cycle?
What is the main effect of excessive burning of fossil fuels on the carbon cycle?
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What defines evolution in a biological context?
What defines evolution in a biological context?
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What characterizes autotrophic organisms?
What characterizes autotrophic organisms?
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Which term best describes the total mass of a group of organisms?
Which term best describes the total mass of a group of organisms?
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Which of the following is a requirement for sustainability in ecosystems?
Which of the following is a requirement for sustainability in ecosystems?
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What defines primary consumers in a food chain?
What defines primary consumers in a food chain?
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What is the primary role of producers in an ecosystem?
What is the primary role of producers in an ecosystem?
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How do saprophytic organisms obtain nutrients?
How do saprophytic organisms obtain nutrients?
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During the process of photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into which of the following?
During the process of photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into which of the following?
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What happens to energy as it flows through a food chain?
What happens to energy as it flows through a food chain?
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What type of evidence is provided by the existence of vestigial structures?
What type of evidence is provided by the existence of vestigial structures?
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What term describes the process where only the fittest organisms survive and reproduce?
What term describes the process where only the fittest organisms survive and reproduce?
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Which of the following best defines homologous structures?
Which of the following best defines homologous structures?
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What is artificial selection?
What is artificial selection?
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Which statement reflects the relationship between acquired and inherited characteristics?
Which statement reflects the relationship between acquired and inherited characteristics?
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Which describes divergent evolution?
Which describes divergent evolution?
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Which characteristic is NOT associated with analogous structures?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with analogous structures?
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What is the main factor affecting the photosynthetic activity in Elodea according to the data presented?
What is the main factor affecting the photosynthetic activity in Elodea according to the data presented?
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Study Notes
Statistical Conclusion
- Calculated r (-0.987) is greater than the critical value (r tables) (0.622)
- This means reject the null hypothesis (H0), and accept the alternative hypothesis
- With 95% confidence, there's a negative correlation between the cm and number of bubbles
Measurement Instruments
- Number of bubbles: Counting method, stopwatch
- Distance from light source: Ruler or measuring tape
Honor Code
- Work is original and completed according to the honor code policies
- Any external sources are properly cited, including artificial intelligence outputs
- Academic dishonesty will result in zero points and possible protocol activation by the Academic Integrity Committee of Prepa UDEM
Producer vs. Consumer
- Producers: Organisms that make their own food (e.g., plants through photosynthesis)
- Consumers: Organisms that eat other organisms for energy (e.g., animals)
- Consumers are heterotrophs (cannot produce their own food)
Detritivores and Saprotrophs
- Detritivores: Heterotrophs that obtain nutrients through internal digestion
- Saprotrophs: Heterotrophs that release digestive enzymes onto dead organic matter to digest it externally
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
- Photosynthesis: Plants use energy from sunlight to produce carbohydrates (e.g., glucose)
- Cellular Respiration: Transferring chemical energy from glucose or other carbon compounds to ATP
Food Chain
- Sequence of organisms, each feeding on the previous level
- Energy in the form of carbon compounds flows through the chain, with energy lost at each level
Producer vs. Primary Consumer
- Producers: Make their own food; base of the food chain
- Primary Consumers: Animals that eat producers
Energy Flow in Food Chains
- Plants use sunlight to produce glucose (photosynthesis)
- Consumers obtain energy by consuming plants or other animals
- Energy is lost as heat and waste at each level
Species, Population, Community, Ecosystem
- Species: Groups of organisms that reproduce and produce fertile offspring
- Population: Organisms of the same species in the same area
- Community: Different populations interacting in the same time and area
- Ecosystem: Community of organisms interacting with their non-living environment
Nutrition Methods
- Autotrophic: Self-feeding (making their own food)
- Heterotrophic: Feeding on other organisms
Sustainability Requirements
- Nutrient availability
- Energy availability
- Detoxification of waste products
Tree Felling Impact on Carbon Cycle
- Reduced CO2 absorption
- Decreased oxygen production
- Reduced biodiversity
Fossil Fuel Burning Impact on Carbon Cycle
- Increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere
- Disrupted carbon cycle
- Potential for global warming
Evolution
- Change in characteristics of a species over time
- Heritable characteristics passed down across generations
Evidence of Evolution
- Fossils
- Homologous structures
- Vestigial Structures
Natural Selection
- Process where only the fittest survive and reproduce, passing on their advantageous traits
Homologous Structures
- Similar structures in different organisms, suggesting a common ancestor
- May perform different functions
Artificial Selection
- Intentional breeding of organisms with specific traits to produce desired offspring
Adaptation
- Trait that helps an organism survive in its environment
Acquired vs. Inherited Traits
- Acquired: Learned or developed during life
- Inherited: Passed down through genetics
Convergent vs. Divergent Evolution
- Convergent: Similar traits developing in unrelated species
- Divergent: Similar species becoming different over time due to different environments
Analogous Structures
- Similar functions but different structures (e.g., wings of birds and insects)
Homologous Structures
- Same structure but different functions (e.g., flippers of a dolphin and arms of a human)
Photosynthetic Activity of Elodea
- Dependent variable: Number of oxygen bubbles produced by Elodea
- Correlation: Negative correlation between distance from the light source and number of bubbles (fewer bubbles at greater distances)
- Prediction for 220 cm: Number of bubbles will approach zero (or very low) due to the inverse relationship with distance.
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Description
Test your understanding of statistical conclusions and biological concepts related to producers and consumers. This quiz covers correlation analysis, measurement techniques, and the distinctions between different types of organisms. Challenge yourself and see how well you know these important topics!
