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Questions and Answers
What type of adaptation is characterized by a harmless species resembling a harmful species?
What type of adaptation is characterized by a harmless species resembling a harmful species?
Which of the following is an example of a physiological adaptation?
Which of the following is an example of a physiological adaptation?
What is the primary reason that certain variations may not become adaptations?
What is the primary reason that certain variations may not become adaptations?
How did the frequency of melanic moths change in England during the 1900s?
How did the frequency of melanic moths change in England during the 1900s?
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What is a selective advantage?
What is a selective advantage?
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Which factor is NOT a type of adaptation as defined in the content?
Which factor is NOT a type of adaptation as defined in the content?
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What role do rare beneficial mutations play in the development of adaptations?
What role do rare beneficial mutations play in the development of adaptations?
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How do variations become adaptations according to the content?
How do variations become adaptations according to the content?
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Study Notes
Adaptation
- Any trait that increases an individual's ability to survive or reproduce compared to organisms that do not have the trait
- Can be a structure, behaviour, or physiological process
- Examples include: Structural adaptations like camouflage and fluffy feathers, Physiological adaptations like hibernation, and Behavioural adaptations like migration
- Mimicry is a structural adaptation where a harmless species resembles a harmful species, making it a helpful adaptation as predators avoid them
Adaptation Development
- Rare beneficial mutations occur, separated by vast amounts of time, giving individuals an advantage
- These mutations accumulate throughout generations, leading to variations
- Environmental conditions determine if a variation has a positive or negative effect, influencing its survival and passing on of genes
Interactions with the Environment
- Interactions with the environment are crucial for adaptation and variation
Case Study: The English Peppered Moth
- Occur in two forms: mottled and melanic
- In the 1800s, black moths were rare in England
- By 1900, black moths comprised 95% of the population
- This shift occurred due to the industrial revolution polluting the environment, giving the black moths a selective advantage by blending into the soot-covered trees
Selective Advantage
- Occurs when an organism has a genetic variation that gives it an advantage over its competitors
- Provides a better chance for the organism to pass its genes on to the next generation
Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
- Some bacteria may have a mutation that makes them resistant to antibiotics, causing problems for the healthcare system as infections become harder to treat
Evolution
- Adaptation and variation are important for survival and evolution, as they allow species to adapt to changing environments
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Description
Explore the concept of adaptation in living organisms, focusing on traits that enhance survival and reproduction. This quiz covers different types of adaptations including structural, physiological, and behavioral adaptations, as well as the role of environmental interactions. Test your knowledge on how mutations contribute to evolutionary changes and the case study of the English Peppered Moth.
