Adaptation and Variation PDF

Adaptation and Variation https://www.britannica.com/video/21998/species-finches- Galapagos-each-other-beak-structure  Learning Goals Why do some species survive while others become extinct? What limits animals ability to survive?  Adaptation Any trait that increases an in...

Adaptation and Variation https://www.britannica.com/video/21998/species-finches- Galapagos-each-other-beak-structure  Learning Goals Why do some species survive while others become extinct? What limits animals ability to survive?  Adaptation Any trait that increases an individual’s ability to survive or reproduce compared to organisms that do not have the trait Can be a structure, behaviour, or physiological process For example:  Camouflage Structural adaptation  Hibernation Physiological adaptation Animals reduce their metabolism to save energy to survive harsh winters  Migration - a behavioural adaptation  Fluffy feathers - a structural adaptation  Mimicry Structural adaptation A harmless species resembles a harmful species Why is this a helpful adaptation?  How do adaptations develop? 1. Rare beneficial mutations (separated by vast amounts of time) will give individuals an advantage and accumulate throughout generations 2. These mutations lead to variations, but not all variations become adaptations 3. Environmental conditions determine if a variation has a positive or negative effect Why are interactions with the environment important to adaptation and variation? Case Study: The English Peppered Moth Occur in 2 forms; mottled and melanic In the 1800’s, black moths were rare in England 1900, black moths were 95% of population Why?  Selective Advantage When an organism has a genetic variation that gives it an advantage over its competitors This provides a better chance for this organism to pass its genes on to the next generation Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Bacteria may have a mutation that makes them resistant to antibiotics What problems does this cause our healthcare system?  Why does evolution matter now? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pc_Tx1h3qGc  Assignment Supplementary Reading: p.296-302 Answer: Pg. 299 #2, 3, 6; Pg. 304 #2, 3, 7, 8, 11, 13 Amoeba Sisters Natural Selection https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=7VM9YxmU Luo