CH 9: Variation
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Questions and Answers

What is a species defined as in biological terms?

  • A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring (correct)
  • A group of organisms that live in the same geographical area
  • A group of organisms that have different genetic material
  • A group of organisms that look similar to each other

What do populations refer to in biological terms?

  • Individual organisms within a species
  • Groups of individuals belonging to the same species living in a particular area (correct)
  • Individuals from different geographical areas
  • Groups of different species living together

How does meiosis contribute to genetic variation?

  • By keeping the genetic material unchanged
  • Through Asexual Reproduction
  • Through Crossing Over and Random Arrangement of Chromosomes (correct)
  • By preventing any changes in DNA sequences

What happens during Crossing Over in meiosis?

<p>Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of independent assortment in meiosis?

<p>To ensure each gamete contains a different set of genes from both parents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are mutations in biological terms?

<p>Changes in the DNA sequence of an organism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is variation among individuals of the same species important?

<p>For the survival and evolution of the species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process combines the genetic material from two different gametes?

<p>Random Fertilization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of variation occurs when a characteristic shows a range of phenotypes between two extremes?

<p>Continuous Variation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does non-random mating, such as inbreeding, affect genetic diversity in a population?

<p>Decreases genetic diversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism provides the raw material for evolution by creating genetic variations?

<p>Random Fertilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Blood groups in humans are an example of which type of variation?

<p>Discontinuous Variation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of maintaining genetic diversity in species according to the text?

<p>For species survival (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to continuous variation in characteristics like height in humans?

<p>Polygenic Inheritance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process helps scientists comprehend how species adapt to their environments and how new species arise?

<p>Understanding sources and types of variation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a species and a population?

<p>Populations are confined to a specific geographical area while species are not. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process during meiosis leads to the creation of new combinations of genes?

<p>Crossing Over (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mutations contribute to genetic variation in a species?

<p>By changing the DNA sequence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biological process ensures that each gamete contains a unique combination of genes from both parents?

<p>Independent Assortment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is variation among individuals of the same species considered vital for survival and evolution?

<p>To promote genetic diversity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism in meiosis contributes most significantly to genetic variation?

<p>Crossing Over (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is meiosis considered crucial for producing genetic diversity?

<p>By creating unique gametes through processes like Crossing Over and Independent Assortment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does non-random mating, such as inbreeding, have on genetic diversity in a population?

<p>Decreases genetic diversity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of variation refers to characteristics that fall into distinct categories with no intermediate phenotypes?

<p>Discontinuous Variation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does random fertilization contribute to genetic diversity?

<p>By combining genetic material from two different gametes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is essential for natural selection and evolution by providing the raw material for genetic variations?

<p>Mutation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of variation usually involves influences from multiple genes (polygenic inheritance) and environmental factors?

<p>Polygenic Variation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does inbreeding have on genetic disorders within a population?

<p>Increases the incidence of genetic disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of meiosis in producing genetic diversity?

<p>Ensuring each gamete contains a unique combination of genes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does crossing over during meiosis contribute to genetic variation?

<p>Creates new combinations of genes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are mutations considered important sources of genetic variation?

<p>Mutations contribute to changes in the DNA sequence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of independent assortment in meiosis?

<p>Randomly arranging chromosomes to create unique gene combinations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does genetic diversity contribute to the survival and evolution of a species?

<p>Provides raw material for natural selection and adaptation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of variation among individuals of the same species?

<p>Contributes to the diversity of life forms observed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process ensures that genetic material from both parents contributes to each gamete?

<p>Random fertilization of gametes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of random mating in a population?

<p>Increases genetic diversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process can result in new phenotypes within a population?

<p>Random fertilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does inbreeding affect genetic disorders within a population?

<p>Increases genetic disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which variation type occurs when a characteristic does not have intermediate phenotypes?

<p>Discontinuous variation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of mutations in a species?

<p>Confer advantages leading to new phenotypes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the sources and types of variation important in conservation biology?

<p>To understand species adaptation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of variation is typically influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors?

<p>Polygenic inheritance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of natural selection, what role does genetic diversity play within populations?

<p>Provides raw material for selection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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