27 Questions
What is the process called when smaller organic molecules are linked together to form larger molecules?
Dehydration synthesis
Which type of biological molecule is often made through dehydration synthesis reactions?
Proteins
What are the subunits that create larger molecules called?
Monomers
How are polymers typically degraded when the body needs to break them down?
Hydrolysis reactions
What is released as a byproduct in dehydration synthesis reactions involving the linking of individual pieces to create a larger molecule?
Water
Monomers are small organic molecules that serve as subunits to create smaller molecules.
False
Dehydration synthesis reactions involve releasing water as a byproduct.
True
Macromolecules are the smallest state of biological molecules.
False
Polymers are broken down by dehydration synthesis reactions.
False
Proteins are not considered as major types of biological molecules in our bodies.
False
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are major types of biological ______ in our bodies.
molecules
Macromolecules are the largest state of biological ______ and are often made by linking smaller monomers together.
molecules
Monomers are small organic molecules serving as subunits to create larger ______.
molecules
Polymers are typically made through ______ synthesis reactions.
dehydration
Dehydration synthesis reactions involve covalently linking individual pieces together to create a larger molecule, releasing ______ as a byproduct.
water
Match the type of biological molecule with its description:
Carbohydrates = Primary source of energy for the body Lipids = Important for cell structure and insulation Proteins = Function as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies Nucleic acids = Store and transmit genetic information
Match the term with its definition:
Macromolecules = Largest state of biological molecules made by linking smaller monomers together Monomers = Small organic molecules serving as subunits to create larger molecules Polymers = Large organic molecules made from many monomers covalently linked together Dehydration synthesis reactions = Involve covalently linking individual pieces together to create a larger molecule, releasing water as a byproduct
Match the process with its description:
Dehydration synthesis reactions = Create polymers by linking monomers together, releasing water as a byproduct Hydrolysis reactions = Break down polymers into monomers by adding water Polymerization = Process of forming a polymer from multiple monomers Catalysis = Speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process
Match the function with the type of reaction:
Dehydration synthesis reactions = Create polymers from monomers Hydrolysis reactions = Break down polymers into monomers Enzymes = Facilitate chemical reactions without being consumed Energy requirement = Needed for dehydration synthesis to form larger molecules
Match the statement with the correct term:
Release of water as a byproduct in linking molecules = Dehydration synthesis reactions Process of degrading polymers by adding water = Hydrolysis reactions Small units that build larger molecules = Monomers Large molecules made from linked monomers = Polymers
What type of molecule are vitamins classified as?
Organic molecules
Which type of reaction is used to break down larger molecules into smaller subunits?
Hydrolysis
What is the main function of enzymes in biological systems?
Breaking down polymers into monomers
Which of the following is an example of a biological macromolecule?
Protein
What is the primary function of nucleic acids in living organisms?
Genetic information storage
Which process involves the removal of water molecules to form a larger molecule?
Dehydration synthesis
What is the role of carbohydrates in biological systems?
Energy storage and structural support
Study Notes
- Four major types of biological molecules in our bodies are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
- Macromolecules are the largest state of biological molecules and are often made by linking smaller monomers together.
- Monomers are small organic molecules serving as subunits to create larger molecules, with polymers being large organic molecules made from many monomers covalently linked together.
- Polymers are typically made through dehydration synthesis reactions, while they are degraded by hydrolysis reactions when the body needs to break them down.
- Dehydration synthesis reactions involve covalently linking individual pieces together to create a larger molecule, releasing water as a byproduct, and requiring energy and enzyme catalysis.
Test your knowledge on the major types of biological molecules like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Learn about macromolecules, monomers, polymers, dehydration synthesis, and hydrolysis reactions.
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