Overview of Major Biological Molecules
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Questions and Answers

What is the process called when smaller organic molecules are linked together to form larger molecules?

  • Polymerization
  • Decomposition
  • Dehydration synthesis (correct)
  • Hydrolysis

    • Which type of biological molecule is often made through dehydration synthesis reactions?

  • Nucleic acids
  • Lipids
  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins (correct)

    • What are the subunits that create larger molecules called?

  • Polymers
  • Nucleotides
  • Monomers (correct)
  • Enzymes

    • How are polymers typically degraded when the body needs to break them down?

    <p>Hydrolysis reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is released as a byproduct in dehydration synthesis reactions involving the linking of individual pieces to create a larger molecule?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monomers are small organic molecules that serve as subunits to create smaller molecules.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dehydration synthesis reactions involve releasing water as a byproduct.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Macromolecules are the smallest state of biological molecules.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Polymers are broken down by dehydration synthesis reactions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Proteins are not considered as major types of biological molecules in our bodies.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are major types of biological ______ in our bodies.

    <p>molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Macromolecules are the largest state of biological ______ and are often made by linking smaller monomers together.

    <p>molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monomers are small organic molecules serving as subunits to create larger ______.

    <p>molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Polymers are typically made through ______ synthesis reactions.

    <p>dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dehydration synthesis reactions involve covalently linking individual pieces together to create a larger molecule, releasing ______ as a byproduct.

    <p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of biological molecule with its description:

    <p>Carbohydrates = Primary source of energy for the body Lipids = Important for cell structure and insulation Proteins = Function as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies Nucleic acids = Store and transmit genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the term with its definition:

    <p>Macromolecules = Largest state of biological molecules made by linking smaller monomers together Monomers = Small organic molecules serving as subunits to create larger molecules Polymers = Large organic molecules made from many monomers covalently linked together Dehydration synthesis reactions = Involve covalently linking individual pieces together to create a larger molecule, releasing water as a byproduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the process with its description:

    <p>Dehydration synthesis reactions = Create polymers by linking monomers together, releasing water as a byproduct Hydrolysis reactions = Break down polymers into monomers by adding water Polymerization = Process of forming a polymer from multiple monomers Catalysis = Speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the function with the type of reaction:

    <p>Dehydration synthesis reactions = Create polymers from monomers Hydrolysis reactions = Break down polymers into monomers Enzymes = Facilitate chemical reactions without being consumed Energy requirement = Needed for dehydration synthesis to form larger molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the statement with the correct term:

    <p>Release of water as a byproduct in linking molecules = Dehydration synthesis reactions Process of degrading polymers by adding water = Hydrolysis reactions Small units that build larger molecules = Monomers Large molecules made from linked monomers = Polymers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecule are vitamins classified as?

    <p>Organic molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reaction is used to break down larger molecules into smaller subunits?

    <p>Hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of enzymes in biological systems?

    <p>Breaking down polymers into monomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a biological macromolecule?

    <p>Protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of nucleic acids in living organisms?

    <p>Genetic information storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the removal of water molecules to form a larger molecule?

    <p>Dehydration synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of carbohydrates in biological systems?

    <p>Energy storage and structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Four major types of biological molecules in our bodies are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
    • Macromolecules are the largest state of biological molecules and are often made by linking smaller monomers together.
    • Monomers are small organic molecules serving as subunits to create larger molecules, with polymers being large organic molecules made from many monomers covalently linked together.
    • Polymers are typically made through dehydration synthesis reactions, while they are degraded by hydrolysis reactions when the body needs to break them down.
    • Dehydration synthesis reactions involve covalently linking individual pieces together to create a larger molecule, releasing water as a byproduct, and requiring energy and enzyme catalysis.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the major types of biological molecules like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Learn about macromolecules, monomers, polymers, dehydration synthesis, and hydrolysis reactions.

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