Biological Foundation of Psychology

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What is the term for a person who has an identical pair of genes on two chromosomes?

Dominant
Recessive
Homozygous (correct)
Heterozygous

Which type of explanation focuses on how a behavior develops over time?

Physiological Explanation
Functional Explanation
Ontogenetic Explanation (correct)
Evolutionary Explanation

What type of genes are located on the sex chromosomes?

Sex-limited genes
Dominant genes
Sex-linked genes (correct)
Recessive genes

Which type of explanation examines how a behavior evolved over time?

Evolutionary Explanation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of genes shows its effects only in the homozygous condition?

Recessive genes (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of explanation describes why a structure or behavior evolved as it did?

Functional Explanation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of RNA in relation to protein synthesis?

To serve as a model for synthesis of proteins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between autosomal genes and sex-linked genes?

Autosomal genes are found on autosomes, while sex-linked genes are found on sex chromosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the change in a single gene that is rare, random, and independent of the needs of the organism?

Mutation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of histones in the nucleus?

To condense chromatin into chromosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of how behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way genes work?

Epigenetics (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why do genes come in pairs?

Because they are aligned along chromosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of life from a biological perspective?

To procreate (A) Signup and view all the answers

How can a gene influence behavior even if it is not expressed in the brain?

By producing a protein that interacts with the environment (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of heredity in the development of an individual's behavior?

To create a framework for the environment to act upon (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key to giving an evolutionary explanation of a behavior?

Explaining how the behavior helps us to survive and/or procreate (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the measure of how well genetic differences account for differences in a particular trait?

Heritability (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of behavior that helps us to survive and/or procreate?

The genes that influence the behavior are passed on to offspring (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins?

MZ twins are identical, while DZ twins are fraternal (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of genes in learning and memory?

Genes create a framework for learning and memory (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cycle of behavior and evolution?

Behavior > Helps procreation > Genes passed on > Biology that helps behavior is also passed on > Offspring shows same behavior (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is phenylketonuria (PKU)?

An inherited disorder that affects the level of phenylalanine in the blood (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can the environment affect an individual's behavior?

By shaping the morphological and physiological development of the individual (B) Signup and view all the answers