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Questions and Answers
Which amino acids are classified as glucogenic?
Which amino acids are classified as glucogenic?
- Arginine (correct)
- Leucine
- Valine (correct)
- Lysine
What is the main consequence of a deficiency in essential amino acids?
What is the main consequence of a deficiency in essential amino acids?
- It only affects muscle development.
- It can lead to growth and health issues. (correct)
- It does not affect health.
- It can be compensated with nonessential amino acids.
Which of the following amino acids is semi-essential?
Which of the following amino acids is semi-essential?
- Methionine
- Threonine
- Valine
- Histidine (correct)
Which statement accurately describes ketogenic amino acids?
Which statement accurately describes ketogenic amino acids?
Which amino acid is optically inactive?
Which amino acid is optically inactive?
What is the unique feature of amino acids that differentiates them from one another?
What is the unique feature of amino acids that differentiates them from one another?
Which of the following describes neutral amino acids?
Which of the following describes neutral amino acids?
What type of amino acid contains two amino groups and one carboxyl group?
What type of amino acid contains two amino groups and one carboxyl group?
How many amino acids can participate in protein structure?
How many amino acids can participate in protein structure?
Which statement is true about the amino acids found in mammals?
Which statement is true about the amino acids found in mammals?
Which amino acids are classified as basic amino acids?
Which amino acids are classified as basic amino acids?
What distinguishes essential amino acids from non-essential amino acids?
What distinguishes essential amino acids from non-essential amino acids?
Which amino acids are classified as hydroxy amino acids?
Which amino acids are classified as hydroxy amino acids?
Which of the following amino acids contains sulfur in its structure?
Which of the following amino acids contains sulfur in its structure?
Which amino acid is known to contain an imidazole group?
Which amino acid is known to contain an imidazole group?
Flashcards
Amino Acid Definition
Amino Acid Definition
The building blocks of proteins, organic acids with an NH2 group.
Amino Acid Formula
Amino Acid Formula
H2N - CH - C - OH | R
R group in amino acid
R group in amino acid
The differing chemical group in each of the 20 amino acids.
Neutral Amino Acids
Neutral Amino Acids
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Acidic Amino Acids
Acidic Amino Acids
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Basic Amino Acids
Basic Amino Acids
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Amino Acid Classification
Amino Acid Classification
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Essential Amino Acids
Essential Amino Acids
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Nonessential Amino Acids
Nonessential Amino Acids
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Glucogenic Amino Acids
Glucogenic Amino Acids
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Ketogenic Amino Acids
Ketogenic Amino Acids
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Optical Activity (Amino Acids)
Optical Activity (Amino Acids)
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Valine
Valine
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Isoleucine
Isoleucine
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Arginine
Arginine
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Histidine
Histidine
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Amino Acid Classification
Amino Acid Classification
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Amino Acids
Amino Acids
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Neutral Amino Acids
Neutral Amino Acids
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Aliphatic Amino Acids
Aliphatic Amino Acids
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Essential Amino Acids
Essential Amino Acids
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Hydroxy Amino Acids
Hydroxy Amino Acids
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Sulfur-containing Amino Acids
Sulfur-containing Amino Acids
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Heterocyclic Amino Acids
Heterocyclic Amino Acids
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Aromatic Amino Acids
Aromatic Amino Acids
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Acidic Amino Acids
Acidic Amino Acids
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Basic Amino Acids
Basic Amino Acids
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Study Notes
Amino Acid Classification
- Amino acids are organic acids that contain amino and carboxyl groups
- They are classified based on the properties of the R group
- Amino acids are classified by chemical methods or by their metabolic classification
Classification of Amino Acids
- Chemical Classification:
- Neutral amino acids: do not contain 2nd amino or carboxyl group
- Acidic amino acids: contain 2nd carboxyl group
- Basic amino acids: contain 2nd amino group
- Metabolic Classification:
- Glucogenic amino acids: converted to glucose in the body
- Ketogenic amino acids: converted to ketone bodies in the body
- Mixed amino acids precursors: can be converted to both glucose and ketone bodies
Properties of Amino Acids
- Optical activity: All amino acids except glycine are optically active (they deviate the plane polarised light either to the left or to the right).
- Biological classification:
- Indispensable amino acids: not synthesized (essential) by the body and must be supplied in the diet
- Dispensable amino acids: can be synthesized or produced by the body
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