BIOL 2050 Exam #2: The Cell Theory and Cell Structures
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason for the limited cell size in organisms?

  • To decrease metabolic activity
  • To increase volume for organelle storage
  • To increase surface area for nutrient exchange (correct)
  • To decrease surface area for waste removal
  • Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  • Presence of cell walls only in eukaryotic cells
  • Lack of membrane-bound organelles in prokaryotic cells (correct)
  • Absence of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells
  • Presence of a nucleus in prokaryotic cells
  • Which cellular feature is unique to prokaryotic cells?

  • Nucleus
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Flagella (correct)
  • Mitochondria
  • What is the function of membrane carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

    <p>Regulate the movement of molecules across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes facilitated diffusion from simple diffusion?

    <p>Relies on specific carrier proteins to facilitate movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular connection type allows for direct cell-to-cell communication?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Na+/K+ pump in biological membranes?

    <p>Transporting Na+ ions into the cell and K+ ions out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of solution would cause a red blood cell to shrink due to water loss through osmosis?

    <p>Hypertonic solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between primary and secondary active transport?

    <p>Primary active transport requires ATP, while secondary active transport doesn't</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

    <p>Provide an alternative pathway for a reaction to occur at a lower energy cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is entropy in the context of thermodynamics?

    <p>A measure of disorder or randomness in a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do allosteric enzymes differ from non-allosteric enzymes?

    <p>Allosteric enzymes change conformation upon binding an allosteric regulator, affecting their activity, while non-allosteric enzymes maintain a fixed conformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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