Biogeochemical Cycles Overview
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Questions and Answers

What are the three major realms of the environment mentioned in the text?

  • Troposphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere
  • Troposphere, lithosphere, and biosphere
  • Atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere (correct)
  • Lithosphere, mesosphere, and stratosphere

    • Which component of the environment includes all living organisms?

  • Hydrosphere
  • Atmosphere
  • Biosphere (correct)
  • Lithosphere

    • What does the biosphere consist of?

  • All living organisms (correct)
  • Only animals
  • Only plants
  • All non-living components

    • What is defined as the interactions of a particular group of organisms with abiotic factors in a specific habitat?

    <p>Ecological systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where on Earth can living organisms be found?

    <p>From the poles to the equator and beyond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What maintains a kind of balance between biotic and abiotic components in the environment?

    <p>Diversity of life-forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for a plant and animal community that covers a large geographical area?

    <p>Biome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which German zoologist first used the term 'ecology'?

    <p>Ernst Haeckel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are abiotic factors of an ecosystem?

    <p>Sunlight and soil conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ecosystem includes lakes, ponds, streams, marshes, and bogs?

    <p>Freshwater ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of a habitat in ecology?

    <p>Totality of physical and chemical factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do primary consumers in an ecosystem mainly feed on?

    <p>Producers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT classified as an aquatic ecosystem?

    <p>Desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Biomes' are determined mainly by which factor?

    <p>'Climate'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Oekologie' is a term used by which person in relation to ecology?

    <p>'Ernst Haeckel'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Ecosystems' consist of which two types of components?

    <p>'Abiotic and biotic'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Tundra biome' can be classified under which major type of ecosystem?

    <p>'Terrestrial ecosystem'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main by-product of photosynthesis?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Top carnivores' are those that feed mainly on which type of organisms?

    <p>Carnivores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process returns carbohydrates to the atmosphere through oxidation?

    <p>Decomposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the atmosphere is made up of nitrogen?

    <p>79%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is free nitrogen primarily fixed into an available form for green plants?

    <p>By soil micro-organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms are capable of utilizing nitrogen directly in its gaseous form?

    <p>Blue green algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of fixed nitrogen is biological?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process converts nitrates back into free nitrogen?

    <p>Denitrification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do decomposers feed on within an ecosystem?

    <p>Dead organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a food chain in an ecosystem?

    <p>Transfer of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the interconnected network of species within an ecosystem?

    <p>Food web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following biomes is not one of the major biomes?

    <p>Tundra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of food and energy for green plants?

    <p>Sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe cyclic movements of chemical elements between living organisms and the environment?

    <p>Biogeochemical cycles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a detritus food-chain, what is the energy capture based on?

    <p>Decomposers breaking down dead matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates life processes in the biosphere through photosynthesis?

    <p>'Solar insolation'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to more than half of the total solar insolation that reaches the Earth's surface?

    <p>'Plant respiration'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms exist and survive in a diversity of associations on Earth?

    <p>'Living organisms'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way through which minerals are returned to the soil and water after the death of living organisms?

    <p>Decomposition and flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In ecology, what is ecological balance?

    <p>A state of dynamic equilibrium within a community of organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'succession' in ecology?

    <p>Change in species distribution due to competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is ecological balance disturbed by human causes?

    <p>Overexploitation of the earth's resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario would lead to a change in species distribution in forests?

    <p>Clearing the forest for agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do carnivorous animals help in maintaining ecological balance?

    <p>By hunting and controlling the herbivore population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of competition in maintaining ecological balance?

    <p>It ensures stability in population numbers within an ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the introduction of new species considered a threat to ecological balance?

    <p>It disrupts existing food chains and relationships among organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do human activities impact secondary successions in ecosystems?

    <p>They disturb ecological balance and lead to disturbances in ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of natural hazards in disrupting ecological balance?

    <p>They can cause imbalances in population numbers and habitat structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does plant and animal diversity serve as an indicator of habitat conditions?

    <p>It shows the stability and integrity of a habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when there is a disturbance in the native forests?

    <p>The original forest structure may change due to competition from secondary forest species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which types of biogeochemical cycles are mentioned in the text?

    <p>Gaseous and sedimentary cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reservoir of nutrients in the gaseous cycle?

    <p>Atmosphere and ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cycle is the main reservoir soil and sedimentary rocks?

    <p>Sedimentary cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the biosphere in maintaining the carbon cycle?

    <p>Transforming carbon dioxide through photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is carbohydrate glucose primarily produced during the carbon cycle?

    <p>By fixation of carbon dioxide through photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to remaining carbohydrates not utilized by plants in the carbon cycle?

    <p>They become part of plant tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'The biosphere contains over half a million carbon compounds.' What does this imply about carbon compounds?

    <p>There is a great diversity of carbon compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'The carbon cycle is mainly the conversion of carbon dioxide.' What initiates this conversion?

    <p>Fixation of carbon dioxide through photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Plant tissues are either being eaten by herbivorous animals or decomposed by microorganisms.' How does this statement relate to the carbon cycle?

    <p>It shows how carbon is recycled within ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three major realms of the environment mentioned in the text?

    <p>Lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of ecology as discussed in the text?

    <p>Understanding interactions between environmental realms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component constitutes the biosphere?

    <p>All living organisms on Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by maintaining a 'kind of balance' between biotic and abiotic components?

    <p>Sustaining a healthy interaction between living and non-living things</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are ecological systems as described in the text?

    <p>Interactions of organisms with abiotic factors in a particular habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up the biosphere according to the text?

    <p>All living organisms and their interactions with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reservoir of nutrients in the sedimentary cycle?

    <p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biome is characterized by hot and dry conditions, with rainfall less than 50 mm?

    <p>Hot Desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the carbon cycle, what is converted mainly through photosynthesis?

    <p>Carbon Dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some common organic compounds generated through the conversion of carbon dioxide in the carbon cycle?

    <p>Sucrose, Glucose, Starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to more carbon dioxide during photosynthesis in plants?

    <p>It is released through leaves or roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biome has a soil that is rich in nutrients with little or no organic matter?

    <p>Temperate Deciduous Forest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the gaseous cycle, where is the main reservoir of nutrients located?

    <p>Atmosphere and Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biome has a climate characterized by seasonal rainfall evenly distributed between 750 - 1,500 mm per year?

    <p>Temperate Steppe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way through which carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biome contains Evergreen conifers like pine, fir, and spruce as common flora?

    <p>Boreal Forest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to carbohydrates not utilized by plants in the carbon cycle?

    <p>Become part of plant tissues or get eaten by herbivorous animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biome is characterized by large areas of Africa, Australia, South America, and India?

    <p>Tropical Savannah</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of food for carnivores in an ecosystem?

    <p>Herbivores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do top carnivores contribute to the ecosystem?

    <p>By feeding on primary consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the environment includes inorganic substances like carbon dioxide and water?

    <p>Abiotic factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the process of breaking down dead matter in an ecosystem?

    <p>Decomposers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are herbivores considered primary consumers in an ecosystem?

    <p>For feeding on producers directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do biotic factors in an ecosystem primarily consist of?

    <p>Consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do marine ecosystems differ from terrestrial ecosystems?

    <p>Because they have different boundaries determined by climate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms contribute to maintaining nutrient cycling through decomposition?

    <p>Decomposers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are freshwater and marine ecosystems classified accordingly?

    <p>Because they have varying ranges of environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of top carnivores in an ecosystem?

    <p>To control the population of primary consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do abiotic factors contribute to ecosystem structuring?

    <p>By playing a role in determining the boundaries of biomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the major difference between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>The range of environmental conditions they exhibit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of micro-organisms in the carbon cycle?

    <p>Converting carbohydrates into carbon dioxide for release into the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the decomposition of water molecules during photosynthesis?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the nitrogen cycle, what is the significance of denitrification?

    <p>Converting nitrates back into free nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms are primarily responsible for fixing atmospheric nitrogen into an available form?

    <p>Soil micro-organisms and plant roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main by-product of photosynthesis mentioned in the text?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do green plants assimilate fixed nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle?

    <p>By consuming nitrates from the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major geochemical component of the biosphere mentioned in the text?

    <p>Aluminum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of free nitrogen according to the text?

    <p>Atmospheric lightning and cosmic radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do bacteria play in nutrient cycling within an ecosystem?

    <p>Converting nitrates into nitrites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do living organisms obtain mineral elements required for their survival?

    <p>From mineral solutions in their environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main constituent of the atmosphere that is an essential component of organic compounds?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do herbivorous animals contribute to nutrient cycling within an ecosystem?

    <p>By consuming some fixed nitrogen from green plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of food chains, what is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

    <p>Transforming dead organisms into various substances essential for soil fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are grazing food-chains and detritus food-chains different from each other?

    <p>Detritus food-chains are based on decomposed matter while grazing food-chains start with plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates life processes in the biosphere through the conversion of carbon dioxide into organic compounds and oxygen?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does energy flow in a food chain differ from energy flow in a food web?

    <p>Energy flow in a food chain is linear, while a food web involves interconnected chains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What maintains the balance of chemical components in the atmosphere and hydrosphere over one billion years?

    <p>Absorption and release of chemical elements by plants and animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT contribute to the loss of energy at different levels in a food chain?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes an altitudinal biome among the five major biomes mentioned in the text?

    <p>It spans different elevations on mountains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do detritus food-chains differ from grazing food-chains in terms of energy capture?

    <p>Detritus food-chains capture energy through decomposition processes, grazing food-chains involve direct consumption of plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for gradual changes in ecological balance within a community of organisms?

    <p>Competition and cooperation between species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is ecological balance described in terms of the numbers of each species in an ecosystem?

    <p>Constant and unchanging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines which species compete with one another in an ecosystem?

    <p>Environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are carnivorous animals like tigers and lions important for maintaining ecological balance in certain ecosystems?

    <p>To control herbivore populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the change in species distribution due to competition where secondary forest species overtake native species?

    <p>Succession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which human activity has negatively impacted the originality of ecosystems and caused adverse effects on the environment?

    <p>Resource exploitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of disturbances in ecological balance caused by human interference?

    <p>Natural calamities like floods and landslides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a plant and animal community covering a large geographical area?

    <p>Biome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of food-chain are herbivores found in abundance, while carnivores are fewer and control herbivore populations?

    <p>'Grazing' food-chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for primary consumers like herbivores that depend on producers for their food and sustenance?

    <p>Heterotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to have proper knowledge and understanding of various habitat factors?

    <p>For protecting and conserving ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of diversity of life in a particular area as an indicator of habitat factor?

    <p>To indicate the health of an ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the interactions of a particular group of organisms with abiotic factors within a particular habitat?

    <p>Ecological systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are living organisms NOT found according to the text?

    <p>In deserts and dry valleys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which realm of the environment is NOT highlighted as one of the major realms in the text?

    <p>Mesosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the biosphere primarily composed of according to the text?

    <p>Living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the environment plays a crucial role in maintaining a balance between biotic and abiotic factors?

    <p>Biosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the diverse life-forms maintained in a particular proportion for balance in an ecosystem?

    <p>Biotic equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an ecosystem, what is the role of decomposers?

    <p>Breaking down dead organisms into nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for green plants in the biosphere?

    <p>Solar insolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the cyclic movement of chemical elements between organisms and the environment in the biosphere?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the study of interactions between life forms and the physical environment?

    <p>Ecology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a food-chain, what is the main consequence of energy transfer from one level to another?

    <p>Decrease in available energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which German zoologist first used the term 'oekologie' in 1869, which eventually led to the popular term 'ecology'?

    <p>Ernst Haeckel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the interconnected network of multiple food-chains within an ecosystem?

    <p>Food web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

    <p>Maintaining soil fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a grazing food-chain and a detritus food-chain?

    <p>Initiating organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the totality of physical and chemical factors that constitute the general environment in an ecological sense?

    <p>Habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biome is characterized by having soil rich in nutrients but with little or no organic matter?

    <p>Desert biome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ecosystems includes oceans, estuaries, and coral reefs?

    <p>Marine ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the process of breaking down dead organisms within an ecosystem?

    <p>Decomposers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of ecosystems, what role do producers play?

    <p>Manufacturing food through photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Biomes' are primarily determined by which factor?

    <p>Climate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Oekologie' is a term used by which person in relation to ecology?

    <p>'Ernst Haeckel'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main by-product of photosynthesis mentioned in the text?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is nitrogen usually made usable for organisms according to the text?

    <p>By first fixing it biologically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves converting nitrates back into free nitrogen?

    <p>Denitrification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of green plants in the nitrogen cycle described in the text?

    <p>Assimilating available nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the primary source of free nitrogen according to the text?

    <p>Atmospheric action of lightning and cosmic radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way through which carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

    <p>Oxidation of remaining carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of organisms is primarily responsible for fixing atmospheric nitrogen into an available form?

    <p>Soil bacteria and blue-green algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of some bacteria present in the soil according to the text?

    <p>'Convert nitrites into nitrates' for use by plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do top carnivores contribute to the ecosystem based on the text?

    <p>By consuming herbivores that have assimilated minerals from plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the primary role of micro-organisms in the oxygen cycle described in the text?

    <p>Part of the complex process of cycling oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between detritus food chains and grazing food chains based on the text?

    <p>Detritus food chains have more energy loss at each level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the carbon cycle as described in the text?

    <p>To convert carbon dioxide into organic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biogeochemical cycle involves the conversion of carbon dioxide through photosynthesis?

    <p>Gaseous cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of photosynthesis on levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

    <p>Decreases carbon dioxide levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a direct product of photosynthesis?

    <p>Nitrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are the biosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere mentioned in relation to the water cycle?

    <p>To describe the role of water in sustaining life on Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to carbohydrates that are not utilized by plants in the carbon cycle?

    <p>They become part of plant tissue or are decomposed by microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the sedimentary cycle differ from the gaseous cycle in terms of reservoirs?

    <p>The sedimentary cycle's main reservoir is soil and rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does photosynthesis contribute to balancing atmospheric gases?

    <p>It converts carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the biosphere contribute to maintaining the water cycle?

    <p>By recycling water through transpiration and evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do microorganisms play in nutrient cycling according to the text?

    <p>They convert organic matter back into inorganic nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is photosynthesis considered a crucial process for life on Earth?

    <p>It converts solar energy into chemical energy for organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism through which minerals are returned to the soil and water after the death of living organisms?

    <p>Decomposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of ecological balance, why do carnivorous animals like tigers and lions play a crucial role in certain ecosystems?

    <p>They help in controlling the population of herbivores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can ecological balance be disturbed due to human causes?

    <p>Introduction of new species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the change in species distribution due to competition where secondary forest species overtake native species?

    <p>Succession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily determines the competition between different species in an ecosystem?

    <p>Environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one adverse effect of disturbances in ecological balance caused by human interference?

    <p>Increased natural calamities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process primarily returns carbohydrates to the atmosphere through oxidation?

    <p>Respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of competition among different organisms in maintaining ecological balance?

    <p>To control population numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are vast grasslands like savannas good examples of ecological balance through interspecies relationships?

    <p>Because they exhibit clear predator-prey dynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would a disturbance in native forests most likely lead to a change in species distribution?

    <p>Clearing forests for agriculture or urbanization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential consequence of an imbalance in aquatic ecosystems caused by human interference?

    <p>Decrease in coral reef populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does human pressure on the earth's resources impact biogeochemical cycles within ecosystems?

    <p>It disrupts natural nutrient cycles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for the diversity of vegetation and biodiversity mentioned in the text?

    <p>Depth of weathering mantle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before the advent of humans, Earth supported more biodiversity than in any other period primarily due to:

    <p>Emergence of new species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor has led to the rapid decline in biodiversity since the emergence of humans?

    <p>Overuse of resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is supported by the text regarding the number of species globally?

    <p>2 million species globally with 10 million being the best estimate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mentioned about the discovery and classification of new species in the text?

    <p>40% of fresh water fishes from South America are yet to be classified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tropical forests are particularly rich in biodiversity mainly due to their:

    <p>High water availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are the unique plants and animals in Hawaii threatened?

    <p>Due to introduced species and land development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region is identified as having richer biodiversity according to the text?

    <p>Tropical Regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where was the 'Earth Summit' held according to the text?

    <p>Brazil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of establishing national parks and sanctuaries?

    <p>Conservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about threatened species according to the text?

    <p>They pose a threat to others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of regions is biodiversity NOT significantly rich?

    <p>Polar Regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is biodiversity consistently richer in the tropics compared to polar regions?

    <p>Tropics provide more stable ecosystems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the economic role of biodiversity mentioned in the text?

    <p>To provide resources for food and pharmaceuticals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is an ecosystem with high biodiversity more likely to adapt to environmental change?

    <p>Because of an increase in species genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'hotspots of diversity' refer to in the context of species diversity?

    <p>Areas rich in species diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the loss of species impact an ecosystem's ability to maintain itself?

    <p>It decreases the ecosystem's stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason behind the greater chance of survival for species in a more diverse ecosystem?

    <p>Increased ability to adapt to environmental changes in diverse ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does crop diversity contribute to biodiversity according to the text?

    <p>By acting as a reservoir for resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Species capture and store energy" is an example of what role played by organisms?

    <p>Cycling nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of biodiversity, why is it mentioned that every organism contributes something useful to other organisms within an ecosystem?

    <p>To ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'agro-biodiversity' primarily relate to?

    <p>Reservoirs for crop resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the better chances for species survival and productivity in ecosystems with high biodiversity according to the text?

    <p>More stable conditions and adaptation abilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conservation strategy is suggested for preserving biodiversity in the text?

    <p>Identifying habitats of wild relatives of species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mega diversity centers important according to the text?

    <p>To concentrate resources on vulnerable areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of hotspots in biodiversity conservation?

    <p>They help to determine primary productivity in an ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, contribute to biodiversity conservation in India?

    <p>By establishing national parks and sanctuaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor emphasized in the need for conserving biodiversity as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Educating people to adopt environment-friendly practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way can disturbance in one species affect other life forms?

    <p>By threatening human existence as well</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the involvement of local communities emphasized in biodiversity conservation efforts?

    <p>To guarantee sustainable use through cooperation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Convention of Biodiversity, signed at the Earth Summit, play in global conservation efforts?

    <p>Promoting biodiversity conservation through global cooperation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason biodiversity is important, according to the text?

    <p>To provide clues on evolution and how life functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it considered morally wrong to voluntarily cause the extinction of any species?

    <p>It violates the intrinsic right of species to exist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor has accelerated the loss of species and habitats in recent decades?

    <p>Growth in human population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do poachers play in endangering certain species?

    <p>Hunting mercilessly for commercial gains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why have natural calamities been detrimental to biodiversity in various regions?

    <p>They destroy habitats and species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization classifies threatened species into categories for conservation purposes?

    <p>International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Vulnerable Species' are those likely to be in danger of extinction if what continues?

    <p>Factors threatening their extinction continue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Endangered Species' are those that are in danger of what according to the text?

    <p>'Endangered Species' are in danger of extinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Exotic Species' refer to species that are not what according to the text?

    <p>'Exotic Species' are not native to the habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Loss of Biodiversity' has been accelerated by the overexploitation of what resource?

    <p>'Loss of Biodiversity' has been accelerated by overexploitation of resources for human needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Overexploitation' and 'Deforestation' have been rampant due to what according to the text?

    <p>'Overexploitation' and 'Deforestation' have been rampant due to fulfill needs of large population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is classified as 'Vulnerable Species' based on the text?

    <p>Species likely to be in danger if certain factors continue threatening their existence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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