Biogeochemical Cycles: Gaseous vs Sedimentary Cycle

What are the three major realms of the environment discussed in the text?

What does the biosphere encompass?

What is the term used to describe interactions between living organisms and other environmental realms?

What maintains the diversity of life-forms according to the text?

Where can living organisms be found according to the text?

What are interactions of a particular group of organisms with abiotic factors within a particular habitat called?

What is the main by-product of photosynthesis?

Which process returns carbohydrates decomposed by micro-organisms to the atmosphere?

What percentage of the atmospheric gases does nitrogen comprise?

Which organisms are capable of directly utilizing nitrogen in its gaseous form?

What is the process known as when some bacteria convert nitrates into free nitrogen?

Which mineral is mentioned as one of the principal geochemical components of the biosphere?

In what form do mineral salts initially occur?

'Weathering' is mentioned in connection with which process of mineral nutrient acquisition for living organisms?

What is the term used to describe the system consisting of both biotic and abiotic components?

'Sedimentation' plays a role in returning salts to which part of the Earth's surface?

What German zoologist first used the term 'oekologie' in 1869, which later evolved to 'ecology'?

'Excretion of nitrogenous wastes' results in the production of:

Which of the following is NOT a major terrestrial biome mentioned in the text?

What process do green plants use to manufacture their own food?

What is the totality of the physical and chemical factors that constitute the general environment known as?

Which of the following is NOT a type of aquatic ecosystem mentioned in the text?

What do we call the flesh-eating animals in an ecosystem?

What is the Greek word for 'house' from which the term 'ecology' is derived?

What is the scientific study of interactions between organisms with their physical environment and each other?

Which of the following does NOT belong to a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

What do you call animals that feed on dead organisms in an ecosystem?

Which type of ecosystem includes lakes, ponds, streams, marshes, and bogs?

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

What is a food web?

How does the detritus food-chain differ from the grazing food-chain?

What initiates life processes in the biosphere through photosynthesis?

What maintains the balance of chemical elements in the atmosphere and hydrosphere?

What percentage of solar insolation reaches the earth's surface is fixed in photosynthesis?

In a food-chain, what do tertiary consumers feed on?

'Biogeochemical cycles' refer to the cyclic movements of chemical elements between what?

'Grazing food-chain' typically involves plants as producers and what as consumers at the last level?

'Detritus food-chain' is based on the decomposition of what?

'Food web' represents an interconnecting network of species showing what relationship?

What is the main source of food and energy for green plants during photosynthesis?

What changes dead organisms into substances essential for soil fertility?

What is the main reservoir of nutrients in the gaseous biogeochemical cycle?

Which type of cycle has the soil and sedimentary rocks as its main reservoir?

What initiates the conversion of carbon dioxide in the carbon cycle?

Which of the following is NOT a basic constituent of all organic compounds in living organisms?

What happens to the carbohydrates not utilized by the plant during photosynthesis?

Where does more carbon dioxide get generated during the process described in the text?

What is released through leaves or roots during photosynthesis?

What happens to plant tissues that are not eaten by herbivorous animals?

Which process results in the production of glucose from carbon dioxide?

What happens to carbohydrates that are utilised directly by the plant itself?

What is one of the basic elements of all living organisms, forming over half a million carbon compounds in them?

What does the biosphere contain over half a million of?

What is ecological balance?

How is ecological balance maintained in an ecosystem?

What causes a disturbance in ecological balance?

How do carnivorous animals contribute to ecological balance?

What is the main reason for ecological imbalances according to the text?

Why might human pressure on the earth's resources lead to ecological imbalances?

What does ecological balance ensure?

How does disturbance in native forests affect species distribution?

What can disturb ecological balance?

Why are herbivores important for ecological balance?

How do human activities negatively impact ecosystems?

What is the role of competition in maintaining ecological balance?

What term is used to describe the interactions of a particular group of organisms with abiotic factors within a particular habitat resulting in clearly defined energy flows and material cycles?

Which realm of the environment includes all living components of the earth?

Where are living organisms found according to the text?

What is the main role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

What is the biosphere's role in maintaining a kind of balance between biotic and abiotic components?

What does the term 'microECOLOGY' likely refer to in the text?

What is the main focus of ecology as discussed in the text?

How are biomes primarily defined according to the text?

Which elements are considered biotic factors in an ecosystem?

What defines a biome in terms of its boundaries within a landscape?

Why are freshwater ecosystems mentioned separately from marine ecosystems?

What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

What distinguishes top carnivores from other carnivores in an ecosystem?

In the carbon cycle, what happens to the carbohydrates that are not utilized by the plant itself?

Which process in the carbon cycle results in the production of glucose from carbon dioxide?

What is the main reservoir of nutrients in the sedimentary biogeochemical cycle?

Which type of desert belongs to the hot and dry desert biome?

What is a key characteristic of boreal forests according to the text?

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

What is a common species found in tropical grasslands or savannah biomes?

Which biome has an even distribution of rainfall between 750-1,500mm with distinct winter seasons?

Which region is associated with tropical grasslands or savannah biomes?

What is a common characteristic of desert biomes?

In which type of forest biome do evergreen conifers like pine and spruce dominate?

What is the main by-product of photosynthesis?

What is the principal source of free nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle?

What do some bacteria convert nitrates into, in the nitrogen cycle?

What is returned to the atmosphere through respiration in the carbon cycle?

Which process involves green plants assimilating fixed nitrogen?

What do dead plants and animals get converted into by the action of certain bacteria in the soil?

What is involved in the oxidation of carbohydrates with the release of energy, carbon dioxide, and water?

Which mineral is mentioned as a critical nutrient for plant and animal life?

What do some marine animals in oceans have the capability to do with nitrogen?

What happens to carbohydrates decomposed by micro-organisms according to the text?

What is a highly complex process involving oxygen according to the text?

What are the initial sources of mineral elements required by living organisms?

What process returns minerals to the soil and water after the death of living organisms?

In the context of ecological balance, what does 'succession' refer to?

What is the role of carnivorous animals in maintaining ecological balance according to the text?

Why might human interference lead to disturbances in ecological balance?

What is the main role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Which term best describes the relationship between herbivores and carnivorous animals in an ecosystem?

Which type of ecosystem includes lakes, ponds, streams, marshes, and bogs?

In an ecosystem, what helps maintain a stable balance in the numbers of each species?

What initiates the life processes in the biosphere through photosynthesis?

What is the primary reason for secondary successions occurring in ecosystems?

What makes up the main reservoir of nutrients in the gaseous biogeochemical cycle?

How do herbivorous animals contribute to ecological balance in grasslands?

Which process returns carbohydrates decomposed by micro-organisms to the atmosphere?

Why might disturbances caused by clearing native forests lead to changes in species distribution?

What element is converted into organic compounds during photosynthesis?

What is one effect of ecological imbalances according to the text?

'Detritus food-chain' is primarily based on the decomposition of what?

How can the diversity of life in a particular area be utilized as an indicator?

What is the term used to describe the interactions of a particular group of organisms with abiotic factors within a particular habitat?

Where can living organisms be found according to the text?

Which biome has an even distribution of rainfall between 750-1,500mm with distinct winter seasons?

What does 'succession' primarily refer to in the context of ecological balance?

What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Which realm of the environment includes all living components of the earth?

What is the term used to describe the totality of the physical and chemical factors that constitute the general environment?

What German zoologist coined the term 'oekologie' in 1869, which later evolved to 'ecology'?

What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

What are the biotic factors in an ecosystem?

Which type of ecosystem can be further classified into 'biomes'?

What is the main difference between primary consumers and carnivores in an ecosystem?

What is the definition of a biome within an ecosystem?

Which components make up the abiotic factors in an ecosystem?

'Detritus food-chain' is primarily based on the decomposition of what?

What is the primary focus of ecology as discussed in the text?

What is the role of weathering in mineral nutrient acquisition for living organisms?

What is the term used to describe the interconnected network of species within an ecosystem as mentioned in the text?

In the context of biogeochemical cycles, what do the initials 'bio' and 'geo' stand for?

What is the role of weathering in the carbon cycle?

Which biome is characterized by hot and dry conditions according to the text?

What is the primary source of free nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle?

What initiates life processes through photosynthesis, the primary source of food and energy for green plants?

What is the main function of detritivores in an ecosystem?

What type of food-chain involves autotrophs energy capture followed by decomposition of organic waste and dead matter?

What distinguishes a hot desert from a semi-arid desert biome?

Which consumers are at the last level in a grazing food-chain?

Which term describes the interactions of organisms with abiotic factors resulting in energy flows and material cycles?

What is the process where chemical elements are absorbed by organisms and returned to air, water, and soil through decomposition known as?

In the carbon cycle, what happens to the carbohydrates that are not utilized by the plant itself?

What phenomenon occurs when more than one type of prey is consumed by each of the carnivores in a given ecosystem?

Which biome is characterized by hot and dry climates with rainfall less than 50mm?

Which kind of energy loss occurs through respiration, excretion, or decomposition at each level of a food-chain?

What initiates the life process in biosphere by converting carbon dioxide through photosynthesis?

What maintains the balance of chemical elements in the atmosphere and hydrosphere over long periods according to the text?

How is nitrogen converted into organic compounds in the nitrogen cycle?

What is initiated by green plants through converting carbon dioxide into organic compounds and oxygen?

In which ecosystem do freshwater ecosystems differ from marine ecosystems?

Which aspect characterizes the detritus food-chain based on its energy capture initiation?

Which biome is characterized by multi-layered canopy with tall and large trees?

What distinguishes semi-arid deserts from coastal deserts?

What is the main by-product of photosynthesis?

What percentage of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen?

Which organisms can directly utilize nitrogen in its gaseous form?

In the nitrogen cycle, what process involves converting nitrites into nitrates?

Where do mineral elements required by living organisms initially come from?

What is responsible for converting dead plants and animals into nitrites in the nitrogen cycle?

What percentage of fixed nitrogen is of biological origin?

What is the primary source of free nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle?

What is the role of oxygen in the oxidation of carbohydrates?

What is the main role of certain species of soil bacteria and blue green algae in the nitrogen cycle?

What happens to dead plants and animals before they are converted into nitrites by bacteria in the soil?

What can disturb ecological balance according to the text?

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem according to the text?

Which process involves green plants assimilating fixed nitrogen according to the text?

What is the main source of food and energy for green plants during photosynthesis as per the text?

What causes a disturbance in ecological balance?

What do you call animals that feed on dead organisms in an ecosystem based on the text?

What term is used in the text to describe interactions between living organisms and other environmental realms?

Which region is associated with tropical grasslands or savannah biomes according to the text?

What percentage of solar insolation reaches the earth's surface is fixed in photosynthesis according to the text?

Which mineral is mentioned as one of the principal geochemical components of the biosphere as per the text?