Biodiversity and Evolution
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Questions and Answers

What was one of the important themes in Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's work on evolution?

  • The concept of organic movement in animals
  • The adaptation of animals to changes in their environment (correct)
  • The role of natural selection in the evolutionary process
  • The idea of speciation and evolution

Who published his ideas on evolution in the same year Charles Darwin was born?

  • Charles Darwin
  • Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (correct)
  • An unknown scientist
  • A group of naturalists

What is one way that giraffes adapted to changes in their environment, according to Lamarck?

  • Their bodies became smaller to conserve energy
  • Their legs lengthened to run faster
  • Their necks elongated to reach higher leaves (correct)
  • Their necks shortened over time

What is the term for the process by which animals change over time to better suit their environment?

<p>Evolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the skills students will be able to demonstrate by the end of this lesson?

<p>Demonstrating how biodiversity and evolution help an ecosystem to function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the questions students are asked to consider at the beginning of the lesson?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an ecosystem composed of?

<p>The interaction of living and nonliving things (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of energy for organisms living on Earth?

<p>The light coming from the sun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do plants and other photosynthetic organisms convert into energy-rich compounds?

<p>Carbon dioxide and water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for organisms that can manufacture their own food?

<p>Autotrophs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do chemosynthetic autotrophs use to synthesize organic compounds?

<p>Dissolved chemicals from hydrothermal vents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a producer in an ecosystem?

<p>Algae in the pond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of being exposed to a new environment?

<p>New resources become available, creating opportunities and challenges. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tempo of speciation?

<p>The final mechanism of speciation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is gradualism?

<p>A slow, gradual accumulation of changes over time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is punctuated equilibrium?

<p>A period of rapid change followed by stability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of mutations?

<p>Changes in the DNA that can be passed on to succeeding generations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of this chapter?

<p>How living and nonliving things work together to achieve stability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Darwin's five-year voyage?

<p>He questioned the belief that Earth and organisms are unchanging. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Darwin's theory of natural selection?

<p>Organisms evolve over time through a process of variation and selection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of evidence does comparative anatomy provide?

<p>Similar structures with different functions in different organisms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of sedimentary layers in fossil records?

<p>They provide a timeline of Earth's age. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonality among nitrogen base sequences in the genetic code?

<p>They are the same in almost all organisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an observable event in evolution?

<p>Changes in species over time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of consumers in a food chain?

<p>They feed mainly on producers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?

<p>To break down the remains of dead organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trophic level is composed of plants and other autotrophic organisms?

<p>First trophic level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for organisms that feed only on plants?

<p>Herbivores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for consumers that feed on the tissues of dead animals?

<p>Scavengers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the position an organism occupies in a food chain?

<p>Trophic level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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