Biology: Evolution and Biodiversity Concepts

<p>A theory that explains how organisms adapt through differential survival and reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggested that species evolve over time and are not fixed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both genetic diversity and ecosystem variety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soil biodiversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evolution results in changes within populations over generations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contribute to the survival and adaptation of the population. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differences in vocalizations of crossbill birds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compromise of ecosystem functions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of multiple generations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evolution guarantees improvement in a species. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts on heritable traits. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Favorable traits depend on the environmental context. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accumulation of favorable traits in the population over time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because evolution occurs only at the population level. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ancestor of polar bears was naturally selected for its white fur because it increased fitness. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural selection occurs without human influence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental conditions influence which traits are favorable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pattern shows life evolving while process refers to the mechanisms causing this change. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acquired characteristics can be passed to offspring. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Change in allele frequency over time leading to population change. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specific histories of evolutionary changes among organisms may still be controversial. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Species are immutable and unchanging over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Georges Cuvier (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It proposes that the same natural laws and processes today have always operated in the past. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extinct taxa have a predictable and consistent order in the geological record. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evolution and religion/spirituality can coexist as separate areas of understanding. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural selection works towards favorable traits without intent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An adaptive response to various environmental pressures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can exert selective pressures that influence traits. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Earth is over 4.6 billion years old. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It leads to differential survival and reproduction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals develop traits during their lifetime that are inherited. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All mutations are beneficial for survival. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contribution to the gene pool in future generations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observed facts and testable mechanisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased availability of specific food sources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Traits in a population often vary among individuals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They introduce variability that natural selection can act upon. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inherited traits that enhance survival and reproduction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Species change from generation to generation while maintaining a lineage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beak shapes vary along with food sources available. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An individual that dies young but produces many offspring. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The diversity of life forms in an ecosystem, from genes to ecosystems.

The variety of living organisms found in soil, crucial for ecosystem health.

Descent with modification; the process through which species adapt over time.

Negatively affects soil biodiversity, reducing ecosystem services essential for health.

Mechanism of evolution where organisms best suited to their environment survive and reproduce.

Benefits provided by ecosystems, like clean water, food production, and pest control.

Diagrams that represent evolutionary relationships among species.

Shared and differing traits among organisms that illustrate life's unity and diversity.

Change in allele frequencies in a population over generations, not in individuals.

Historical evidence of evolutionary change through preserved remains of organisms.

Differences in characteristics among individuals in a population, essential for evolution.

The smallest group that can evolve, crucial for studying evolutionary changes.

Traits that provide a higher likelihood of survival and reproduction in a given environment.

Characteristics passed down from parents to offspring, crucial for natural selection.

The gradual change in populations over millions of years due to different survival and reproduction based on traits.

The process by which humans breed selected traits in organisms, differing from natural selection.

The idea that favorable traits depend on varying environmental conditions and can change over time.

Only populations evolve over time, individuals do not change in response to natural selection.

Traits that can be passed from one generation to the next and are subject to natural selection.

Darwin was influenced by geologists like Hutton and Lyell who suggested that Earth is very old, leading to substantial changes over time.

There is no specific goal in evolution; it is driven by survival and reproduction.

Traits that enhance survival and reproduction become more common in a population.

Proposed that individuals can acquire traits during their lifetime and pass these traits to offspring, emphasizing a drive for complexity.

Fitness refers to an individual's contribution to the gene pool relative to others, focusing on reproductive success.

Changes in the environment can influence evolutionary changes but are not required for evolution to occur.

Species with varied beak shapes that match their food sources, demonstrating adaptation through natural selection.

The soapberry bug's beak length can change due to shifts in available food resources.

Inherited traits that enhance an organism's survival and reproduction in a specific environment.

The process by which species change over time, leading to diversity among descendants from common ancestors.

A scientific explanation based on patterns of species differences and natural selection as a change mechanism.

1. Traits vary; 2. Traits are inherited; 3. More offspring than resources; 4. Limited resources cause death.

Characteristics that provide an advantage in a particular environment will become more common over time.

Evolution can be observed through scientific data showing changes in life over time.

The mechanisms that cause the changes in life are part of the evolutionary process.

Georges Cuvier's idea that extinctions occur through sudden events, replacing previous life forms.

The idea that evolution occurs through gradual changes accumulating over time.

The principle that the processes shaping the Earth today operated in the same way in the past.

Differences among species that contribute to the study of evolution and species changes.