CH 9 SUM: Biodiversity and Classification
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Questions and Answers

What does genetic diversity refer to?

  • Variations in genes within a single species (correct)
  • Variety of life forms on Earth
  • Variety of ecosystems found within a geographical area
  • Variety of species within a specific region

Which type of biodiversity enables the adaptation of a species to changing environmental conditions?

  • Species diversity
  • Genetic diversity (correct)
  • Ecological diversity
  • Global biodiversity

What is an ecosystem?

  • Living organisms along with their physical environment in an area (correct)
  • Group of similar organisms capable of interbreeding
  • Variations in genes within a single species
  • Variety of ecosystems found within a geographical area

How is a species defined?

<p>Group of similar organisms capable of interbreeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of biodiversity includes all the genetic information shared among its members?

<p>Species diversity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ecological diversity refer to?

<p>Variety of ecosystems found within a geographical area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does genetic diversity assist in species survival?

<p>By enabling adaptation through the evolutionary process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influences the distribution of biodiversity?

<p>Climate, geography, and presence of other species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included in an organism's gene pool?

<p>All the genetic information shared among its members (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor plays a role in shaping an ecosystem?

<p>Climate, geography, and presence of other species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Five Kingdom System classification?

<p>Understanding biological diversity and evolutionary histories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scientific fields is the Five Kingdom System commonly used?

<p>Taxonomy, Phylogenetics, and Conservation Biology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of exploring examples from each kingdom in educational projects?

<p>To identify beneficial and harmful organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Dichotomous Key assist in classification?

<p>By identifying species through physical characteristics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an application of the Five Kingdom System?

<p>Astronomy studies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Dichotomous Key provide that aids in identifying species?

<p>Physical characteristics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is biodiversity's role in ecosystems important to understand?

<p>For practical knowledge and ecosystem balance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the Five Kingdom System aid in understanding ecological relationships?

<p>By categorizing organisms into kingdoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a Dichotomous Key that helps in species identification?

<p>Systematic choices leading to specific differences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is South Africa considered a critical biodiversity hotspot?

<p>It houses a high percentage of the world's known bird, fish, and plant species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of mammal and reptile species are found in South Africa?

<p>6% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biome is considered a biodiversity hotspot in South Africa?

<p>Fynbos (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many bird species are there in South Africa?

<p>More than 800 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main threat to biodiversity posed by the expansion of the human population?

<p>Habitat destruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the classification of organisms important in biology?

<p>To organize biological diversity based on shared traits and evolutionary relationships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge highlighted in classification activities like organizing TV programs?

<p>Potential issues like overlapping categories and the depth of classification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do biological classification systems use a hierarchical structure?

<p>To emphasize shared characteristics derived from common ancestors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Kingdom level represent in biological classification?

<p>The highest level of classification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is conservation of biodiversity important for ecosystems?

<p>For maintaining the health of ecosystems and their ability to provide essential services such as clean air, water, and food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who introduced modifications towards a binomial system in the classification of living organisms?

<p>Caspar Bauhin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom in the 5-kingdom system includes multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that synthesize their food through photosynthesis?

<p>Kingdom Plantae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist is credited with developing binomial nomenclature, a system that assigns organisms Latinized two-part names (genus and species)?

<p>Carl Linnaeus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom in the 5-kingdom system is characterized by a chitin cell wall and a heterotrophic nutrition method, primarily as decomposers?

<p>Kingdom Fungi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom in the 5-kingdom system comprises unicellular, prokaryotic organisms without a nuclear membrane or membrane-bound organelles?

<p>Kingdom Monera (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the Protista kingdom for single-celled organisms?

<p>Ernst Haeckel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist recognized the distinction between eukaryotes and prokaryotes, proposing a four-kingdom model?

<p>Herbert Copeland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist expanded the four-kingdom model into a five-kingdom system, acknowledging the unique status of fungi?

<p>Robert Whittaker (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom in the 5-kingdom system includes multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophic and mostly motile?

<p>Kingdom Animalia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the mnemonic 'Kwaito People Come Out From Gauteng Singing' to aid in memorizing the classification hierarchy?

<p>Unknown (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of classification of organisms in biology?

<p>To organize biological diversity based on shared traits and evolutionary relationships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a challenge highlighted in biological classification due to overlapping traits?

<p>Depth of classification creating confusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the hierarchical system used in biological classification significant?

<p>To emphasize shared characteristics derived from common ancestors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level in the biological classification hierarchy reflects evolutionary relationships?

<p>Phylum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents a binary decision in the classification process, as illustrated by TV programs categorized into Entertainment and Documentary?

<p><strong>Kingdom</strong> and <strong>Phylum</strong> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the task of categorizing TV programs into genres like Action and Soapies relate to biological classification?

<p>Both involve identifying common traits and placing items into specific categories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential issue in classifying organisms that exhibit traits fitting multiple categories?

<p><em>Overlapping categories</em> and depth of classification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and ____ represent the hierarchical structure in biological classification.

<p><strong>Species</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mammals belong to which level in the biological classification hierarchy?

<p><strong>Class</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a dichotomous key used in species identification?

<p>To assist in making binary decisions for species identification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What improvement did Carl Linnaeus make to the classification system?

<p>Developed binomial nomenclature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Five Kingdom System, which kingdom comprises unicellular, prokaryotic organisms without a nuclear membrane or membrane-bound organelles?

<p>Kingdom Monera (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of the Kingdom Fungi in the 5-kingdom system?

<p>Characterized by a chitin cell wall and decomposer nutrition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist proposed the Protista kingdom for single-celled organisms?

<p>Ernst Haeckel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of biology does the Five Kingdom System help in understanding?

<p>Evolutionary histories (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field benefits significantly from the Five Kingdom System?

<p>Phylogenetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Dichotomous Key in classifying organisms?

<p>Guiding users through a logical progression using physical characteristics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the exploration of kingdom examples contribute to educational projects?

<p>Providing practical knowledge of biodiversity's role in ecosystems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of a Dichotomous Key that aids in species identification?

<p>Presenting mutually exclusive choices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are students encouraged to investigate beneficial and harmful examples from each kingdom?

<p>To explore applications within South Africa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Kingdom level in biological classification?

<p>Indicates the highest level of classification below Domain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Dichotomous Key contribute to the systematic identification of organisms?

<p>Provides two mutually exclusive choices at each step (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding biological diversity important for students exploring kingdom examples?

<p>To comprehend biodiversity's role in ecosystems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Five Kingdom System?

<p>To provide a systematic framework for biological sciences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of biodiversity involves the interbreeding of similar organisms?

<p>Species diversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of biodiversity pertains to variations in genes within a single species?

<p>Genetic diversity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of biodiversity refers to the variety of ecosystems found within a geographical area?

<p>Ecological diversity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor influences the global and regional distribution of biodiversity?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of genetic diversity within a species?

<p>The variety of genes within a species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of genetic diversity for a species?

<p>It allows for the adaptation of a species to changing environmental conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that shapes an ecosystem?

<p>The landscape and climate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gene pool of a species?

<p>The variety of genes within a species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of genetic diversity in a species?

<p>It enables the adaptation of a species to changing environmental conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a species according to the text?

<p>A species is defined as a group of similar organisms capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'species' refer to in the context of biodiversity?

<p>A group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does genetic diversity contribute to species survival?

<p>By enabling adaptation through evolutionary processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor influencing the variety of ecosystems within a geographical area?

<p>Climate and landscape (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In biodiversity, what does ecological diversity specifically focus on?

<p>Variety of ecosystems in a region (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of genetic diversity within a species?

<p>Variations in genes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for species to have genetic diversity?

<p>To enhance adaptation to environmental changes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diversity focuses on variations in genes within a single species?

<p>Genetic diversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central concept behind species diversity?

<p>'Interbreeding capability' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Species diversity' emphasizes the variety of what aspect among organisms?

<p>'Interbreeding capability' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic associated with ecological diversity?

<p>Variety of ecosystems within a geographical area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Five Kingdom System classification?

<p>To organize organisms based on evolutionary relationships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the conservation of biodiversity important for ecosystems?

<p>To support the health of ecosystems and essential services like clean air and water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of bird species in South Africa are facing threats of extinction?

<p>Around 20% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level in the biological classification hierarchy reflects evolutionary relationships?

<p>Phylum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge highlighted in classification activities like organizing TV programs?

<p>Balancing informative and entertaining content (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom in the Five Kingdom System is characterized by a heterotrophic nutrition method, primarily as decomposers, and a chitin cell wall?

<p>Fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist expanded the four-kingdom model into a five-kingdom system, acknowledging the unique status of fungi?

<p>Robert Whittaker (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of biodiversity refers to the interbreeding of similar organisms within a species?

<p>Genetic diversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of mammal and reptile species are found in South Africa?

<p>30% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist is credited with developing binomial nomenclature, a system that assigns organisms Latinized two-part names (genus and species)?

<p>Carolus Linnaeus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge highlighted in classification activities like organizing TV programs into genres?

<p>Deciding between mutually exclusive choices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom in the Five Kingdom System includes multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that synthesize their food through photosynthesis?

<p>Plantae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an application of the Five Kingdom System?

<p>Classifying TV programs into genres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is South Africa considered a critical biodiversity hotspot?

<p>It is home to 30% of mammal and reptile species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom in the Five Kingdom System comprises unicellular, prokaryotic organisms without a nuclear membrane or membrane-bound organelles?

<p>Monera (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist is associated with the development of binomial nomenclature, assigning organisms Latinized two-part names?

<p>Carl Linnaeus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist proposed the five-kingdom system, acknowledging the unique status of fungi?

<p>Robert Whittaker (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is a eukaryotic organism, with a chitin cell wall and a heterotrophic nutrition method, primarily as decomposers?

<p>Penicillium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism lacks a nucleus and complex organelles, and is divided into Bacteria and Archaea?

<p>Prokaryotes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes in terms of cellular organization?

<p>The presence or absence of a nucleus and complex organelles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologist recognized the distinction between eukaryotes and prokaryotes and proposed a four-kingdom model?

<p>Herbert Copeland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Kingdom Protista?

<p>It includes eukaryotic organisms that can be unicellular or simple multicellular. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Kingdom Animalia?

<p>It includes multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophic and mostly motile. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Kingdom Fungi?

<p>It includes both unicellular and multicellular eukaryotic organisms, characterized by a chitin cell wall and a heterotrophic nutrition method, primarily as decomposers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Kingdom Plantae?

<p>It is composed of multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic organisms that synthesize food via photosynthesis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Dichotomous Key (ESGC6) in the classification of organisms?

<p>Guiding users through a logical progression of identifying species by physical traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is investigating examples from each kingdom important in educational projects?

<p>To explore the ecological roles of organisms from diverse kingdoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Five Kingdom System aid in understanding evolutionary histories?

<p>By providing a framework to trace the evolutionary relationships among organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the Kingdom level in biological classification from other levels?

<p>It reflects the broadest category in the classification hierarchy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the classification provided by the Five Kingdom System considered foundational in biological sciences?

<p>It serves as a universal framework for understanding biodiversity and ecology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of investigating beneficial and harmful organism examples from each kingdom?

<p>To understand the ecological impact of beneficial and harmful organisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Five Kingdom System contribute to conservation biology?

<p>By providing a classification system to assess conservation priorities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes the classification by the Five Kingdom System essential for understanding ecological relationships?

<p>It categorizes organisms according to their ecological niches and roles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is exploring kingdom examples through research projects crucial for practical knowledge?

<p>To gain insights into biodiversity's role in ecosystems and human affairs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does a Dichotomous Key assist users in identifying species?

<p>By providing a systematic approach based on physical traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field of study benefits the most from the Five Kingdom System?

<p>Phylogenetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a Dichotomous Key in species identification?

<p>Identification based on physical characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is investigating examples from each kingdom important in educational projects?

<p>To understand practical applications within a region (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes conservation of biodiversity important for ecosystems?

<p>Preserving genetic diversity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist expanded the four-kingdom model into the Five Kingdom System, recognizing fungi's unique status?

<p>Robert H. Whittaker (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does genetic diversity contribute to species survival?

<p>By enhancing adaptation to changing environments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What biome in South Africa is considered a biodiversity hotspot?

<p>Fynbos biome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of biodiversity involves the interbreeding of similar organisms within a species?

<p><strong>Species Biodiversity</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the classification by the Five Kingdom System play a vital role in understanding ecological relationships?

<p>By showing evolutionary connections and interactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Five Kingdom System in biological sciences?

<p>Understanding ecological relationships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Dichotomous Key assist in the classification of organisms?

<p>By providing a systematic approach based on physical characteristics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are students encouraged to investigate beneficial and harmful examples from each kingdom?

<p>To gain practical knowledge of biodiversity's role (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level in the biological classification hierarchy signifies evolutionary relationships?

<p>Family (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents a binary decision in the classification process?

<p>Categorizing TV programs into genres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist expanded the four-kingdom model into the Five Kingdom System?

<p>Robert Whittaker (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the Five Kingdom System crucial in the field of biological sciences?

<p>To understand ecological relationships and evolutionary histories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of investigating kingdom examples in South Africa?

<p>To understand biodiversity's role in ecosystems and human affairs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a Dichotomous Key assist in the classification of organisms?

<p>By offering a systematic approach based on physical characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to explore the impact of organisms from each kingdom through research projects?

<p>To gain practical knowledge of biodiversity's role in ecosystems and human affairs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central concept behind a Dichotomous Key?

<p>Guiding users through a logical progression from general traits to specific differences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In biological classification, what does the Dichotomous Key structure provide?

<p>A systematic way to identify species based on physical traits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for students to investigate beneficial and harmful examples of organisms from each kingdom?

<p>To gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Dichotomous Key aim to achieve in species identification?

<p>Systematic identification based on physical characteristics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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