Biochemistry Unit II Quiz: Metabolism, Bioenergetics, Photosynthesis

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According to the passage, which of the following is the relationship between enthalpy (H), entropy (S), and free energy (G)?

$G = H + S$

$G = H - S$

$G = H + TS$

$G = H - TS$ (correct)

What is the defining characteristic of a high energy compound according to the passage?

Compounds that release more energy than the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP + Pi

Both (a) and (b) (correct)

Compounds that contain a phosphate group

Compounds that release at least 7 Cal/mol of energy upon hydrolysis at pH 7.0

What is the standard free energy (G) change according to the passage?

The free energy change when the reactants or products are at any concentration at pH 7.0

The free energy change when the reactants or products are at a concentration of 1 mol/l at pH 7.0 (correct)

The free energy change when the reactants or products are at any concentration at any pH

The free energy change when the reactants or products are at a concentration of 1 mol/l at any pH

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of high energy compounds according to the passage?

They are the only compounds that can be used to store and transfer energy in biological systems Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, how is the relationship between enthalpy (H), entropy (S), and free energy (G) mathematically expressed?

$G = H - TS$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of a low energy compound according to the passage?

Both (a) and (b) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key principle of the chemiosmotic theory?

The proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane is the driving force for ATP synthesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the electron transport chain in oxidative phosphorylation?

To create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct statement about photosynthesis?

It converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of metabolism in living organisms?

Both (a) and (b). Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a high-energy compound involved in bioenergetics?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of biological oxidation in cellular metabolism?

To generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Signup and view all the answers

In the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which of the following is the terminal electron acceptor?

Molecular oxygen ($O_2$) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the chemiosmotic theory?

It proposes that a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane drives ATP synthesis. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following coenzymes is reduced during the electron transport chain?

NADH and FADH2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Electron transport chain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes bioenergetics?

It deals with the transformation and use of energy by living cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is directly coupled to ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation?

Chemiosmotic mechanism Signup and view all the answers