Biochemistry Quiz: Proteins and Amino Acids

Proteins that have carbohydrate components attached to them.

Complexes of proteins and lipids, involved in transporting cholesterol.

Proteins that contain metal ions, essential for various functions.

Proteins that provide support and structure to cells and tissues.

Proteins that carry molecules across membranes or through blood.

Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions, speeding them up.

Defensive proteins that target and neutralize pathogens.

Water-soluble proteins that maintain osmotic pressure in blood.

Identifying similar sequences in databases using tools like BLAST.

Identifying functional regions within protein sequences.

Aligning multiple protein sequences to find conserved regions and evolutionary relationships.

Constructing evolutionary trees to understand the history of proteins.

Predicting protein structure from amino acid sequences without experimental data.

Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, a method for comparing sequences.

Areas in sequences that remain unchanged across different species, indicating importance.

Diagrams showing the evolutionary relationships between different species or proteins.

A technique that separates proteins by molecular weight using sodium dodecyl sulfate and polyacrylamide gel.

The process of unfolding proteins using SDS, which gives them a negative charge and removes their native structure.

SDS imparts a negative charge to proteins, allowing them to migrate towards the positive electrode in a gel.

A gel matrix used in SDS-PAGE that acts as a sieve for proteins based on size.

An applied electric field that drives the movement of charged proteins through the gel.

Denatured proteins are placed into wells of the polyacrylamide gel before electrophoresis occurs.

The weight of proteins that determines their separation during SDS-PAGE; lighter proteins move faster.

Used to analyze protein purity and size, valuable for research and diagnostics.

An individual subunit of a larger protein complex.

A protein complex with four subunits of different types.

A protein composed of α and β protomers that carries oxygen.

Elongated, insoluble proteins providing structural support.

Compact, water-soluble proteins involved in dynamic functions.

Proteins consisting only of amino acids.

Proteins that include a non-protein component.

A protein complex where each protomer is a single polypeptide chain.

Software for identifying protein families using Hidden Markov Models.

Homology modeling software that builds 3D structures of proteins.

Server for predicting protein structures from amino acid sequences.

Comprehensive database of protein sequences and functions.

Protein Data Bank storing experimentally determined protein structures.

Process of identifying and designing new drugs by targeting proteins.

Developing markers using bioinformatics for identifying diseases.

Utilization of bioinformatics in analyzing proteins and aiding drug design.

Extended, pleated structures in proteins, can be parallel or antiparallel.

Contributes to protein stability and serves as scaffolding.

Improperly folded β-sheets can cause diseases like Alzheimer's.

The overall 3D shape of a protein, stabilized by various interactions.

Forces that cause non-polar parts of a protein to avoid water, aiding structure.

Weak attractions between polar groups, important for maintaining structure.

Stronger connections between positively and negatively charged groups in proteins.

Covalent bonds between cysteine residues that stabilize protein structure.