57 Questions
Which blood type has both glycosyltransferases that add an additional monosaccharide to sugar chains on proteins?
Type AB
Which glycosaminoglycan is used to treat osteoarthritis by lubricating joints and aiding cartilage formation?
Hyaluronan
Which molecule is made of amino acids and carbohydrates, with the carbohydrate being the major component?
Proteoglycan
Which chemical groups react to form glycosidic bonds between monosaccharides?
Hydroxyl groups
Which enzyme is required for digesting lactose in infants but decreases in many adults?
Lactase
Which pair of carbohydrates are epimers, differing in configuration around one carbon atom?
Glucose and galactose
Which type of monosaccharide is glucose, the most important biological sugar?
Aldohexose
Which type of protein makes contact with carbohydrate chains during viral infections like H1N1?
Lectins
What is the storage polysaccharide found in animal cells?
Glycogen
Which two monosaccharides make up the disaccharide sucrose?
Fructose and glucose
Which of the following is the final acceptor of electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain?
Oxygen
How many protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by Complex I?
4
Which enzyme is inhibited by aspirin, leading to its anti-inflammatory effects?
Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes
Which of the following is NOT a precursor for gluconeogenesis?
Glucose
What is the chemical modification that is the basis for aspirin's action?
Acetylation
Which of the following fatty acids are called polyunsaturated?
Fatty acids with multiple double bonds
Which steroid hormone can be used in asthma therapy?
Inhaled corticosteroids
What type of active transporter is defective in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis?
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)
Which type of drug has the highest chance to enter a target cell by passive diffusion?
Small, uncharged, and nonpolar molecules
Which of the following is NOT a facilitated transporter?
Na+/K+ ATPase
What is the final acceptor of electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain?
Oxygen
Which enzyme is inhibited by aspirin, leading to its anti-inflammatory effects?
COX enzymes
What is the chemical modification that is the basis for aspirin's action?
Acetylation
What type of active transporter is defective in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis?
CFTR1 chloride ion transporter
Which type of drug has the highest chance to enter a target cell by passive diffusion?
Small, uncharged and nonpolar
How many protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by Complex I?
4
Which of the following is NOT a precursor for gluconeogenesis?
Glucose
Which one of the following is NOT a class of eicosanoids?
Glycosides
Which steroid hormone can be used in asthma therapy?
Inhaled corticosteroids
Which of the following fatty acids are called polyunsaturated?
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
What is the net product yield from one glucose molecule undergoing glycolysis?
2 ATP, 2 NADH
What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?
Triose-Phosphate Isomerase
Which glycolytic enzyme catalyzes the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate?
Phosphoglycerate Mutase
Which kinase catalyzes the first irreversible step of glucose breakdown in the liver?
Hexokinase
Which molecule is directly converted from glycolysis to produce glycerol phosphate for lipid synthesis?
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Assuming sufficient oxygen, what molecule does pyruvate get converted to before entering the citric acid cycle?
Acetyl-CoA
Which reaction in the citric acid cycle generates a molecule of GTP?
Succinyl-CoA to succinate
What is the subcellular location of most enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle?
Matrix of the mitochondria
Which complex of the electron transport chain does not translocate protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Complex II
Which protein complex is responsible for the final production of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation?
ATP synthase (Complex V)
What is the final acceptor of electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain?
Oxygen
Which one of the following cannot be considered intermediate carriers of the electron transport chain?
Lanosterol
How many protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by Complex I?
4
Which one of the following glycolysis reactions needs to be bypassed during Gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate Kinase
What enzyme is inhibited by aspirin, leading to its anti-inflammatory effects?
COX enzymes
What is the chemical modification that is the basis for aspirin's action?
Acetylation
Which one of the following is NOT a class of eicosanoids?
Fatty acids
Fatty acids that contain multiple carbon-carbon double bonds are called:
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Which one of the following is NOT a precursor for Gluconeogenesis?
Glucose
What type of active transporter is defective in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis?
CFTR1 (Chloride ion transporter)
What enzyme catalyzes the isomerization of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate in glycolysis?
Triose-Phosphate Isomerase
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?
Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
Which molecule is directly converted to glycerol phosphate, an intermediate used in lipid synthesis?
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
In the citric acid cycle, which reaction generates a molecule of GTP?
Succinyl-CoA Synthetase
Where are most of the enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle located within the cell?
Mitochondrial Matrix
What is the role of coenzyme Q in the electron transport chain?
Accepts electrons from Complexes I and II
Which complex of the electron transport chain is responsible for ATP production by capturing energy from proton flow?
Complex V
Test your knowledge on biochemistry with questions about glycosyltransferases in blood types, the usage of hyaluronan in osteoarthritis treatment, and molecules composed primarily of carbohydrates and amino acids.
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