Biochemistry Quiz: Blood Types, Hyaluronan, and Carbohydrate Molecules
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Questions and Answers

Which blood type has both glycosyltransferases that add an additional monosaccharide to sugar chains on proteins?

  • Type A
  • Type AB (correct)
  • Type O
  • Type B

    • Which glycosaminoglycan is used to treat osteoarthritis by lubricating joints and aiding cartilage formation?

  • Chondroitin sulfate
  • Hyaluronan (correct)
  • Heparan sulfate
  • Keratan sulfate

    • Which molecule is made of amino acids and carbohydrates, with the carbohydrate being the major component?

  • Glycoprotein
  • Glycolipid
  • Proteoglycan (correct)
  • Lipoprotein

    • Which chemical groups react to form glycosidic bonds between monosaccharides?

    <p>Hydroxyl groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is required for digesting lactose in infants but decreases in many adults?

    <p>Lactase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of carbohydrates are epimers, differing in configuration around one carbon atom?

    <p>Glucose and galactose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of monosaccharide is glucose, the most important biological sugar?

    <p>Aldohexose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein makes contact with carbohydrate chains during viral infections like H1N1?

    <p>Lectins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the storage polysaccharide found in animal cells?

    <p>Glycogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two monosaccharides make up the disaccharide sucrose?

    <p>Fructose and glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the final acceptor of electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain?

    <p>Oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by Complex I?

    <p>4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is inhibited by aspirin, leading to its anti-inflammatory effects?

    <p>Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a precursor for gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical modification that is the basis for aspirin's action?

    <p>Acetylation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fatty acids are called polyunsaturated?

    <p>Fatty acids with multiple double bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which steroid hormone can be used in asthma therapy?

    <p>Inhaled corticosteroids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of active transporter is defective in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug has the highest chance to enter a target cell by passive diffusion?

    <p>Small, uncharged, and nonpolar molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a facilitated transporter?

    <p>Na+/K+ ATPase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final acceptor of electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain?

    <p>Oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is inhibited by aspirin, leading to its anti-inflammatory effects?

    <p>COX enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical modification that is the basis for aspirin's action?

    <p>Acetylation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of active transporter is defective in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis?

    <p>CFTR1 chloride ion transporter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug has the highest chance to enter a target cell by passive diffusion?

    <p>Small, uncharged and nonpolar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by Complex I?

    <p>4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a precursor for gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is NOT a class of eicosanoids?

    <p>Glycosides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which steroid hormone can be used in asthma therapy?

    <p>Inhaled corticosteroids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fatty acids are called polyunsaturated?

    <p>Polyunsaturated fatty acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net product yield from one glucose molecule undergoing glycolysis?

    <p>2 ATP, 2 NADH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?

    <p>Triose-Phosphate Isomerase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glycolytic enzyme catalyzes the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate?

    <p>Phosphoglycerate Mutase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kinase catalyzes the first irreversible step of glucose breakdown in the liver?

    <p>Hexokinase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is directly converted from glycolysis to produce glycerol phosphate for lipid synthesis?

    <p>Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Assuming sufficient oxygen, what molecule does pyruvate get converted to before entering the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Acetyl-CoA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reaction in the citric acid cycle generates a molecule of GTP?

    <p>Succinyl-CoA to succinate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the subcellular location of most enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Matrix of the mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which complex of the electron transport chain does not translocate protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane?

    <p>Complex II (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein complex is responsible for the final production of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation?

    <p>ATP synthase (Complex V) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final acceptor of electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain?

    <p>Oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following cannot be considered intermediate carriers of the electron transport chain?

    <p>Lanosterol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by Complex I?

    <p>4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following glycolysis reactions needs to be bypassed during Gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Pyruvate Kinase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme is inhibited by aspirin, leading to its anti-inflammatory effects?

    <p>COX enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical modification that is the basis for aspirin's action?

    <p>Acetylation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is NOT a class of eicosanoids?

    <p>Fatty acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fatty acids that contain multiple carbon-carbon double bonds are called:

    <p>Polyunsaturated fatty acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is NOT a precursor for Gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Glucose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of active transporter is defective in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis?

    <p>CFTR1 (Chloride ion transporter) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme catalyzes the isomerization of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate in glycolysis?

    <p>Triose-Phosphate Isomerase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?

    <p>Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is directly converted to glycerol phosphate, an intermediate used in lipid synthesis?

    <p>Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the citric acid cycle, which reaction generates a molecule of GTP?

    <p>Succinyl-CoA Synthetase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are most of the enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle located within the cell?

    <p>Mitochondrial Matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of coenzyme Q in the electron transport chain?

    <p>Accepts electrons from Complexes I and II (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which complex of the electron transport chain is responsible for ATP production by capturing energy from proton flow?

    <p>Complex V (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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