Biochemistry Quiz: Amino Acids and pI
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following amino acids is/are nonpolar?

  • A and B (correct)
  • Tyrosine
  • Tryptophan
  • B and C
  • Lysine
  • What is the distinguishable group or moiety found in arginine’s R group?

  • Imidazole
  • Thioether
  • Indole
  • Thiol
  • Guanidine (correct)
  • Which test detects the presence of aromatic amino acids?

  • Sakaguchi Test
  • Millon-Nasse Test
  • Xanthoproteic Test (correct)
  • Ninhydrin Test
  • Which stabilizes the helical or sheet-like shape of a peptide?

    <p>peptide bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Process of converting a peptide chain into free amino acids

    <p>Hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protein portion of an enzyme called?

    <p>Apoenzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vitamin B3 deficiency is known as?

    <p>Pellagra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary EC number of the enzyme serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The enzyme that combines acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide into a longer malonyl-CoA should have an EC number of?

    <p>4.6.1.2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The higher the Km of a substrate, the ________ is its affinity to an enzyme

    <p>lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about glycolysis?

    <p>It is catabolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Enzymes which catalyze irreversible reactions in glycolysis are:

    <p>PFK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not true?

    <p>Pyruvate carboxylase converts pyruvate to acetaldehyde</p> Signup and view all the answers

    FADH2 is formed in which of the following reactions?

    <p>succinate -&gt; fumarate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT yield energy in the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Citrate synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the electron transport chain?

    <p>It utilizes the NAD+ and FAD+ produced from the earlier phases of cell respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cyanide and carbon monoxide interfere with what complex, given it is where oxygen lies?

    <p>IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy yield from anaerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the enzymes involve the reversal of the process done by hexokinase in glycolysis?

    <p>glucose-6-phosphatase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes is responsible for breakdown of α1,4 bonds in glycogen?

    <p>glycogen phosphorylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What GSD # involves deficiency of glycogen synthase?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely name of process 1?

    <p>glycogenolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In process 2, what enzyme(s) is/are involved?

    <p>all of the choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

    <p>to aid in DNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is not true about the oxidative phase?

    <p>Production of ribulose-5-phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is FALSE about beta-oxidation?

    <p>Two-carbon fragments are removed in beta-oxidation as malonyl-CoA for further energy utilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biochemistry Study Notes

    Amino Acid Biochemistry

    • The protein portion of an enzyme is called apoenzyme (Q6)
    • Arginine's R group has a guanidine group (Q2)
    • The correct primary EC number of the enzyme serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase is 2 (Q9)

    Carbohydrate Biochemistry

    • Glucose oxidation at the first carbon yields gluconic acid (Q17)
    • Sucrose is a disaccharide consisting of glucose and fructose (Q14)
    • Specific test for galactose is the mucic acid test (Q18)

    Lipid Biochemistry

    • Saturated fatty acid with 18 C is stearic acid (Q20)
    • Lecithin, a major component of cell membranes, is phosphatidylcholine (Q23)
    • Esters of long-chain fatty acids with long-chain monohydric alcohols are waxes (Q24)

    Nucleic Acid Biochemistry

    • The composition of a nucleoside is base + sugar (Q28)
    • The direction of genetic information flow during gene expression is DNA → RNA → Protein (Q32)
    • In prokaryotes, the ribosomal binding site on the mRNA is called the Shine-Dalgarno sequence (Q42)

    Metabolic Pathways

    • Glycolysis is a catabolic process that results in the production of ATP and NADH (Q47)
    • The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) is a series of reactions that produce ATP, NADH, and FADH2 (Q51)
    • The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes that generate ATP from the energy released from NADH and FADH2 (Q52)

    Other Topics

    • Isoleucine has a pI of 6.02 (Q1)
    • Vitamins and their functions:
      • Vitamin B7 is needed by the enzyme acetyl CoA carboxylase, which catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA (Q7)
      • Vitamin K is necessary for the synthesis of certain clotting factors (Q25)### Metabolic Disorders and Enzymes
    • Phenylketonuria is related to phenylalanine.
    • Albinism is related to tryptophan.
    • MSUD (Maple Syrup Urine Disease) is related to isoleucine, leucine, and alanine.

    Cellular Pathways and Enzymes

    • The urea cycle does not occur inside the mitochondrion, nor within the mitochondrial membranes.
    • The citric acid cycle, beta-oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation occur inside the mitochondrion, or within the mitochondrial membranes.
    • Glycolysis does not occur inside the mitochondrion, nor within the mitochondrial membranes.
    • Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes the reaction: Pyruvate → OAA.
    • Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is not responsible for the reaction: Pyruvate → OAA.
    • A deficiency in Pyruvate dehydrogenase can cause lactic acidosis due to pyruvate being shifted towards anaerobic respiration instead of being utilized for the Krebs' cycle.

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    Description

    This quiz covers biochemistry topics such as determining the pI of amino acids like isoleucine, glutamic acid, and lysine, as well as identifying nonpolar amino acids.

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