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Questions and Answers
Which group of minerals is required in amounts greater than 100 mg/day?
Which element is important for the transmission of nerve impulses and contraction of muscles?
What deficiency causes tetany?
Which element enters the structure of bones and teeth?
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Which element is an essential trace element that, if removed from the diet, produces a biochemical abnormality that is reversed by supplementation with the element?
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What type of organic compounds are lipids mainly formed from?
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Which of the following is classified as a simple lipid?
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What is the common building block for most lipids?
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Which of the following is a derived lipid?
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Why are unsaturated fatty acids called 'unsaturated'?
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What is the main linkage between alcohol and fatty acids in lipids?
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Which of the following is classified as a compound or conjugated lipid?
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What are eicosanoids?
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What is the common building block for most lipids?
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Why are unsaturated fatty acids called 'unsaturated'?
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Study Notes
Mineral Requirements and Functions
- Minerals required in amounts greater than 100 mg/day are known as macrominerals.
- Calcium is crucial for the transmission of nerve impulses and muscle contraction.
- Calcium deficiency can lead to tetany, characterized by muscle spasms and cramps.
- Phosphorus is essential for the structure of bones and teeth, working in tandem with calcium.
Trace Elements and Dietary Importance
- Zinc is an essential trace element; its absence in the diet can lead to biochemical abnormalities that can be reversed with supplementation.
Lipid Composition and Classification
- Lipids are mainly formed from fatty acids and glycerol, which are key components in their structure.
- Simple lipids are classified mainly as triglycerides, which consist of three fatty acids attached to glycerol.
- The common building block for most lipids is glycerol, serving as a backbone for fatty acid attachment.
- Derived lipids include compounds like steroids and prostaglandins, which are modified from fatty acids.
Fatty Acids and Lipid Linkages
- Unsaturated fatty acids are labeled 'unsaturated' because they contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, preventing them from being saturated with hydrogen.
- The main linkage between alcohol and fatty acids in lipids is an ester bond, formed during the dehydration synthesis of triglycerides.
Conjugated Lipids and Eicosanoids
- Compound or conjugated lipids include phospholipids and glycolipids, which contain additional groups that make them complex.
- Eicosanoids are signaling molecules derived from fatty acids, playing essential roles in inflammation and cellular communications.
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Description
Test your knowledge of minerals and their biochemistry with this quiz. Learn about the different groups of minerals and their importance in the body.
