Biochemistry of Amino Acid Derivatives

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What is a characteristic of non-steroidal hormones in terms of solubility?

Hydrophilic (correct)

Lipophilic

Insoluble

Amphipathic

Which type of hormone has a longer half-life?

Peptide hormone

Steroidal hormone (correct)

Non-steroidal hormone

Amino acid hormone

Where are the receptors for non-steroidal hormones typically located?

Nucleus

Inside vesicle

Plasma membrane (correct)

Cytoplasm

What is the mechanism of response for non-steroidal hormones?

Second messenger system Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormone response is typically slower?

Steroidal hormone response Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the liver in regards to hormone regulation?

Metabolic inactivation of hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of hormone removal?

Synthesis of hormone antagonists Signup and view all the answers

What is the general category of compounds that norepinephrine is derived from?

Amino acid derivatives Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional group present in the structure of thyroxine?

Hydroxyl (-OH) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the kidney in hormone regulation?

Excretion of hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of hormone removal by target cells?

Receptor-mediated endocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds is synthesized from two amino acids?

Amino acid derivative Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of the structures of norepinephrine and thyroxine?

Presence of a hydroxyl group Signup and view all the answers

What is the net effect of hormone removal on hormone levels?

Decreased hormone levels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a steroid?

Cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

How do hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones typically circulate in the body?

Via the bloodstream on transport proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones in terms of their interaction with cell membranes?

They can diffuse through the cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the receptors activated by hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for the activity of hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones?

They must diffuse through the cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique characteristic of the receptors activated by hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones?

They are cytoplasmic receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of oxytocin in lactating glands?

Stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cells Signup and view all the answers

Where are the neurons that synthesize hormones located?

In the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ADH in the kidney?

Increases permeability to water in distal convoluted tubules and collecting tubules Signup and view all the answers

Biochemistry of Amino Acid Derivatives

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