Biochemistry of Amino Acid Derivatives
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of non-steroidal hormones in terms of solubility?

  • Hydrophilic (correct)
  • Lipophilic
  • Insoluble
  • Amphipathic

    • Which type of hormone has a longer half-life?

  • Peptide hormone
  • Steroidal hormone (correct)
  • Non-steroidal hormone
  • Amino acid hormone

    • Where are the receptors for non-steroidal hormones typically located?

  • Nucleus
  • Inside vesicle
  • Plasma membrane (correct)
  • Cytoplasm

    • What is the mechanism of response for non-steroidal hormones?

    <p>Second messenger system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormone response is typically slower?

    <p>Steroidal hormone response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the liver in regards to hormone regulation?

    <p>Metabolic inactivation of hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of hormone removal?

    <p>Synthesis of hormone antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general category of compounds that norepinephrine is derived from?

    <p>Amino acid derivatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional group present in the structure of thyroxine?

    <p>Hydroxyl (-OH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the kidney in hormone regulation?

    <p>Excretion of hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of hormone removal by target cells?

    <p>Receptor-mediated endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is synthesized from two amino acids?

    <p>Amino acid derivative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common feature of the structures of norepinephrine and thyroxine?

    <p>Presence of a hydroxyl group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of hormone removal on hormone levels?

    <p>Decreased hormone levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a steroid?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones typically circulate in the body?

    <p>Via the bloodstream on transport proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones in terms of their interaction with cell membranes?

    <p>They can diffuse through the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the receptors activated by hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for the activity of hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones?

    <p>They must diffuse through the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique characteristic of the receptors activated by hydrophobic steroid and thyroid hormones?

    <p>They are cytoplasmic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of oxytocin in lactating glands?

    <p>Stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the neurons that synthesize hormones located?

    <p>In the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ADH in the kidney?

    <p>Increases permeability to water in distal convoluted tubules and collecting tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of axons are found in the hypothalamohypophysial tract?

    <p>Unmyelinated axons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the release of oxytocin during childbirth?

    <p>Vaginal and cervical distension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the supportive cells called in the hypothalamus?

    <p>Pituicytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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