Biochemistry Module 1 Quiz

The three main domains of life are Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Eukarya. Eubacteria are the most well-studied bacteria found in various environments. Archaebacteria are less characterized and inhabit extreme environments. Eukarya evolved from the same branch as Archaea and are distinguished by their nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles.

Eukaryotes are distinguished by the presence of a nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complexes, and lysosomes.

The cytoplasm of Escherichia coli contains numerous components, including ribosomes, enzymes, metabolites, cofactors, and inorganic ions.

<p>Cytoskeletal components are made up of protein subunits that polymerize to form filaments. They are not permanent structures and undergo constant disassembly and reassembly. They play a role in maintaining cell shape, movement, and internal organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon is a fundamental element in living organisms, accounting for more than half the dry weight of cells. It forms bonds with other atoms, allowing the construction of various complex organic molecules essential for life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The four main categories are amino acids (e.g., glycine), nitrogenous bases (e.g., adenine), membrane lipids (e.g., phospholipids), and carbohydrates (e.g., D-glucose).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chiral center is a carbon atom with four different substituents, making it asymmetric. Geometric isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula but different spatial arrangements due to the presence of chiral centers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The RS system is a nomenclature system used for compounds with multiple chiral centers. It assigns R or S designations to each chiral center based on the arrangement of its substituents.</p> Signup and view all the answers