Biochemistry Lecture 9: Enzymes and Holoenzyme
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Biochemistry Lecture 9: Enzymes and Holoenzyme

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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the compound on which an enzyme acts?

Substrate

Where does catalysis occur in an enzyme?

Active site

What is the specific region where the substrate binds to an enzyme called?

Active site

What is the term for a complete, functional enzyme that is catalytically active and consists of an apoenzyme together with its cofactors?

<p>Holoenzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do enzymes lower in order to speed up reactions?

<p>Activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the reactants that need to have a certain energy before they will react?

<p>Substrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are cofactors that are small organic molecules called?

<p>Coenzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which family of enzymes assists in the breakdown of carbohydrates?

<p>Amylases</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of specificity refers to the enzyme acting on a particular type of chemical bond regardless of the rest of the molecular structure?

<p>Linkage specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model of enzyme binding states that the active site is rigid in shape and does not change at all?

<p>The lock-and-key model</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of metal ions that act as cofactors?

<p>$Co, Cu, and Zn$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of enzymatic action involves joining two or more substrate molecules together?

<p>Synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used for cofactors that are tightly bound to enzymes?

<p>Prosthetic groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of cofactor?

<p>$B$ vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme works at a very acidic pH of 1.5?

<p>$\alpha$-amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the induced-fit model state about the enzyme's shape?

<p>The enzyme changes its shape for substrate binding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the compound on which an enzyme acts called?

<p>Substrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of specificity refers to the enzyme acting on a particular type of chemical bond regardless of the rest of the molecular structure?

<p>Group specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What model of enzyme binding states that the active site is rigid in shape and does not change at all?

<p>Lock and key model</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of enzymatic action involves joining two or more substrate molecules together?

<p>Ligase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme works at a very acidic pH of 1.5?

<p>Pepsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cofactors that are tightly bound to enzymes?

<p>Prosthetic groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of specificity refers to the enzyme acting on a particular steric or optical isomer?

<p>Stereochemical specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model of enzyme binding states that the active site changes its shape to fit the substrate only after the substrate has been bound?

<p>Induced-fit model</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the compound on which an enzyme acts?

<p>Substrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific region where the substrate binds to an enzyme called?

<p>Active site</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme works at a very acidic pH of 1.5?

<p>Pepsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cofactors that are tightly bound to enzymes?

<p>Prosthetic groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do enzymes lower in order to speed up reactions?

<p>Activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of metal ions that act as cofactors?

<p>Cu and Zn</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of enzymatic action involves breaking a single structure into smaller components or joining two or more substrate molecules together?

<p>Ligation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of cofactor?

<p>Metal ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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