Biochemistry II: Unit II - Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism
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Questions and Answers

What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state in terms of energy balance?

  • Energy intake equals internal heat produced + work + storage. (correct)
  • Energy intake equals only internal heat produced.
  • Energy intake equals external work done.
  • Energy intake equals mechanical work of motion.
  • How are catabolism and anabolism related in terms of metabolism?

  • Catabolism requires energy while anabolism releases energy.
  • Catabolism is reductive and anabolism is oxidative.
  • Catabolism releases energy while anabolism requires energy. (correct)
  • Catabolism and anabolism are the same pathways in opposite directions.
  • Which category of biochemical reactions involves C-C bond making or breaking?

  • C-C bond making or breaking (correct)
  • Free-radical reactions
  • Group transfers
  • Internal rearrangements, isomerizations, and eliminations
  • In what way do living things differ from non-living systems in terms of thermodynamics?

    <p>Living things are unique thermodynamic systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why aren't catabolism and anabolism simply considered as reverse processes of each other?

    <p>They operate in different pathways.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does stored chemical energy play in driving endergonic reactions?

    <p>Releasing energy to drive endergonic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coenzymes are tightly bound to the enzymes they serve as prosthetic groups?

    <p>FMN and FAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For what purpose is NADPH primarily used?

    <p>Reductive biosyntheses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does dietary deficiency of niacin cause?

    <p>Pellagra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coenzymes undergo reversible oxidation and reduction in many electron-transfer reactions of metabolism?

    <p>NAD and NADP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the concentration of NAD+ + NADH during the recycling of coenzyme?

    <p>No change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coenzyme consists of the structure above the dashed line on the FAD (oxidized form)?

    <p>FMN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about ATP hydrolysis is correct?

    <p>A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can be made favorable by coupling it to the hydrolysis of a sufficient number of ATP molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about nucleophilic reactions of ATP is incorrect?

    <p>Only the β- and γ-phosphorus atoms of ATP can serve as electrophilic targets for nucleophilic attack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the flow of electrons in biological systems is incorrect?

    <p>The complete oxidation of glucose has a standard free energy change ($\Delta G^\circ$) of +2,840 kJ/mol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about coenzymes in biological redox reactions is correct?

    <p>Coenzymes such as NAD+ and FAD+ are specialized for carrying electrons released from redox reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about fats as fuel sources is correct?

    <p>Fats are a more efficient fuel source than carbohydrates like glucose because the carbon in fats is more reduced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the firefly bioluminescence cycle is correct?

    <p>The firefly bioluminescence cycle is an example of a nucleophilic reaction involving ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following biochemical reactions involves the breaking or making of carbon-carbon bonds?

    <p>Cholesterol biosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about group-transfer reactions is incorrect?

    <p>Group-transfer reactions do not involve the transfer of inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) or inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about ATP is incorrect?

    <p>ATP provides energy solely through simple hydrolysis, not through group transfers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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