Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of an immunologic type B reaction?
What characterizes type B reactions?
Which of the following conditions is associated with G6PD deficiency?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of type B reactions?
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What is an example of a disease-related type B reaction?
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Which of the following type B reactions is idiosyncratic in nature?
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What type of reaction is an amoxycillin rash in glandular fever categorized as?
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Which of the following best describes a bizarre reaction in a clinical context?
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Study Notes
G-Protein Coupled Receptors and Signaling
- Stimulatory G-protein (Gs) activates the enzyme adenyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels.
- Elevated cAMP activates specific proteins, particularly protein kinases, which play crucial roles in cellular signaling.
Tyrosine Kinase Linked Receptors
- Receptors have two primary domains:
- An extracellular hormone-binding domain
- An intracellular tyrosine kinase (TK)-binding domain
- These domains are connected by a transmembrane segment.
- Drug binding can lead to irreversible blockage of the receptor, preventing normal function.
First-Pass Metabolism
- First-pass metabolism refers to the process where drugs are metabolized at their site of administration (mainly in the liver) before entering systemic circulation.
- This phenomenon typically occurs following oral administration of medications.
Type B Adverse Drug Reactions
- Type B reactions are less common, unpredictable, and can be severe.
- Examples include:
- Immunologic reactions such as allergies (e.g., penicillin allergy).
- Genetic reactions like hemolysis in G6PD deficiency.
- Disease-related reactions, such as rash from amoxicillin in glandular fever.
- Idiosyncratic reactions, including malignant hyperpyrexia associated with anesthesia.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the stimulatory G-protein pathway and its impact on enzyme activation, specifically the role of adenyl cyclase and cAMP. This quiz covers crucial aspects of intracellular signaling and protein activation mechanisms.
