Organic Chemistry (CHM 221) Chapter 3

Carbon and hydrogen

True (A)

<p>Benzene</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An atom or group of atoms responsible for the characteristic chemical and physical properties of an organic molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic bonding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Like dissolves like.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrophobic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Molecules that complex cations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms.

A chain of carbon atoms can be straight, branched, or cyclic.

A carbon atom bonded to one other carbon atom.

A carbon atom bonded to two other carbon atoms.

A carbon atom bonded to three other carbon atoms.

A carbon atom bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Aliphatic hydrocarbons are chains or rings that are not aromatic.

Hydrocarbons with only single bonds between carbon atoms. (e.g., methane, ethane, propane)

Hydrocarbons with at least one double bond between carbon atoms. (e.g., ethene, propene)

Hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond between carbon atoms. (e.g., ethyne, propyne)

Cyclic, planar compounds with resonance bonds, making them more stable. (e.g., benzene)

A specific group of atoms within a molecule responsible for its chemical and physical properties.

Atoms other than carbon or hydrogen in an organic molecule.

Functional groups can be attached to both straight chains and rings.

Functional groups determine the geometry, physical properties, and reactivity of a molecule.

Heteroatoms create electron-deficient sites on carbon, while polar bonds can break easily.

Species that donate an electron pair.

Species that accept an electron pair.

A shorthand notation for a part of a molecule.

A simple molecule with no functional group, making it very unreactive.

The hydroxyl group (OH) attached to a carbon chain.

Bonds between a carbon atom and a highly electronegative heteroatom.

A carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.

A molecule with multiple functional groups, potentially making it more complex.

Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules.

The weakest type of intermolecular force, caused by temporary dipoles.

Attractive forces between permanent dipoles of polar molecules.

The strongest type of intermolecular force involving a hydrogen atom bonded to O, N, or F.

The temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas.

The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid.

The extent to which a substance dissolves in a solvent.

Polar compounds dissolve in polar solvents, while nonpolar compounds dissolve in nonpolar solvents.

A molecule with nonpolar parts that repel water.

A molecule with polar parts that attract water.

Molecules with a polar head and a nonpolar tail, used in cleaning products.

Cyclic ethers that can bind specific cations based on their cavity size.