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Biochemistry: Catabolic Pathways and Metabolism

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Biochemistry: Catabolic Pathways and Metabolism

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of catabolic pathways?

To build large molecules using energy

To release stored energy by breaking down complex molecules (correct)

To store energy for later use

To facilitate oxidation-reduction reactions

Where does glycolysis take place in the cell?

Mitochondria

Nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cytoplasm (correct)

Which statement accurately describes oxidation in biological reactions?

Formation of ATP during respiration

Addition of electrons to a molecule

Gaining energy during a reaction

Loss of energy as a molecule gets oxidized (correct)

What role does Acetyl CoA play in metabolism?

It transfers carbon atoms for oxidation in the citric acid cycle Signup and view all the answers

What happens to pyruvate before entering the citric acid cycle?

It is converted to Acetyl CoA Signup and view all the answers

What role do protons play in ATP synthesis?

They enter the ATP synthase and cause ADP and Pi to combine into ATP. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes fermentation?

It produces lactic acid or ethanol while regenerating NAD+. Signup and view all the answers

What is the final product of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions in muscle cells?

Lactic acid Signup and view all the answers

What happens to lactic acid after exercise?

It is converted into glucose in the liver. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about chemiosmosis is true?

It is utilized in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is produced when citric acid is decomposed during the Citrare Cycle?

Oxaloacetate Signup and view all the answers

Where does the electron transport chain occur in eukaryotic cells?

Inner membrane of mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of chemiosmotic phosphorylation?

To produce ATP Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of one Acetyl CoA in the Citrare Cycle?

32 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CoEnzyme Q in the electron transport chain?

To transport electrons between complexes Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the Citrare Cycle results in the production of the most NADH?

Conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate Signup and view all the answers

What causes the inner mitochondrial membrane to become more acidic during ATP production?

The pumping of H⁺ ions across the membrane Signup and view all the answers