Biochemistry and Genetics Quiz

Transport Mechanisms

• In renal tubules, glucose and sodium ions are transported via a secondary active transport mechanism, where the energy from sodium transport is used to drive glucose transport.

Eye Physiology

• The primary factor that plays the most important role in focusing in the eye is the shape of the lens.

Transport Types

• Electrogenic transport is a type of transport that generates an electric potential difference across the membrane, making it rheogenic.

Energy Transfer

• Charge carriers play a crucial role in energy transfer, and the essential factor in this process is the energy-rich molecules of NADH and FADH2.

Cellular Respiration

• The electron transport chain is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane.

Therapeutic Applications

• Liposomes are more desirable particles for therapeutic application due to their ability to encapsulate and deliver therapeutic agents.

Enzyme Regulation

• Coenzyme A is a product inhibitor of citrate synthase, regulating the citric acid cycle.

Metabolic Disorders

• The probable metabolic defect in gout is the impaired metabolism of uric acid, leading to its accumulation in joints.

Electron Carriers

• Cytochrome b contains a bound NADH, playing a crucial role in the electron transport chain.

Epigenetics

• Folate is a coenzyme categorized as part of paternal genome imprinting, influencing gene expression.

Cellular Respiration

• For each FADH2, 1.5 ATPs are formed in mitochondria.

Membrane Physiology

• The parameter 'r', known as the Donnan ratio, determines the distribution of ions across a membrane.