Biochemistry and CBC

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Questions and Answers

What are the potential causes of low sodium (Na) levels?

  • Decreased excretion due to renal failure or hypoadrenocorticism
  • Shift of water from intracellular fluid (ICF) to extracellular fluid (ECF)
  • Excess loss through diarrhea, renal disease, or sweating (correct)
  • Increased intake from overhydration or excessive sodium retention

What can lead to high potassium (K) levels?

  • Shift of potassium from extracellular fluid (ECF) to intracellular fluid (ICF)
  • Increased intake from overhydration or excessive potassium retention
  • Decreased excretion due to renal failure or hypoadrenocorticism (correct)
  • Alkalemia (Electroneutral Balancing), muscle/tissue damage, or IV hemolysis

What can cause low chloride (Cl) levels?

  • Shift of water from intracellular fluid (ICF) to extracellular fluid (ECF)
  • Increased body water in edematous states like CHF or cirrhosis
  • Decreased intake due to anorexia or poor diet
  • Excess loss of HCL rich fluid from vomiting or sequestration (correct)

What is a potential cause of high chloride (Cl) levels?

<p>Loss of HCO3 (Electroneutral Balancing) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to high sodium (Na) and high chloride (Cl) levels?

<p>Excess sodium intake or retention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to low sodium (Na) levels?

<p>Excess Loss: Diarrhea, Renal Disease, Sweating / Burn (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential cause of high chloride (Cl) levels?

<p>Increase in Body Chloride: Loss of HCO3 (Electroneutral Balancing) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause high potassium (K) levels?

<p>K Shift; ICF -&gt; ECF: Acidemia (Electroneutral Balancing), Muscle / Tissue Damage, IV Hemolysis (Artifact) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to low chloride (Cl) levels?

<p>Decreased Intake: Anorexia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause high sodium (Na) and high chloride (Cl) levels?

<p>Inadequate Intake, Excess Pure H2O Loss (Panting, Fever, DI) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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