10 Questions
What are the potential causes of low sodium (Na) levels?
Excess loss through diarrhea, renal disease, or sweating
What can lead to high potassium (K) levels?
Decreased excretion due to renal failure or hypoadrenocorticism
What can cause low chloride (Cl) levels?
Excess loss of HCL rich fluid from vomiting or sequestration
What is a potential cause of high chloride (Cl) levels?
Loss of HCO3 (Electroneutral Balancing)
What can lead to high sodium (Na) and high chloride (Cl) levels?
Excess sodium intake or retention
What can lead to low sodium (Na) levels?
Excess Loss: Diarrhea, Renal Disease, Sweating / Burn
What is a potential cause of high chloride (Cl) levels?
Increase in Body Chloride: Loss of HCO3 (Electroneutral Balancing)
What can cause high potassium (K) levels?
K Shift; ICF -> ECF: Acidemia (Electroneutral Balancing), Muscle / Tissue Damage, IV Hemolysis (Artifact)
What can lead to low chloride (Cl) levels?
Decreased Intake: Anorexia
What can cause high sodium (Na) and high chloride (Cl) levels?
Inadequate Intake, Excess Pure H2O Loss (Panting, Fever, DI)
Test your knowledge of biochemistry and complete blood count (CBC) by mastering the mechanisms and differential diagnoses of low sodium and low chloride levels, as well as high sodium and high chloride levels. Explore the causes of excess loss and decreased intake, as well as the effects of increased body water and high glucose levels.
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