10 Questions
Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of carbamoyl phosphate for urea synthesis, using NH4+?
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II
What is the reference level of urea in the blood plasma?
20-30 mM
Which amino acid stimulates the synthesis of N-acetylglutamate, which activates carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I in the short-term regulation of the urea cycle?
Arginine
Where does the cycle of urea production begin?
Mitochondria
What is the role of ammonium salts in the urine?
To neutralize NH3 in the renal tubules
What is the primary role of the urea cycle?
To detoxify ammonia by converting it to urea
What is the main source of ammonium for the urea cycle?
Glutamine and asparagine
What is the consequence of high levels of ammonia in the blood?
Metabolic alkalosis and neurotoxicity
Why is free ammonia not directly transported from peripheral tissues to the liver?
Because free ammonia is converted to a nontoxic transport form - glutamine
What role does the urea cycle play in ammonia detoxification?
It converts ammonia to a less toxic form - urea
Test your knowledge of ammonia detoxification, the urea cycle, and the catabolism of amino acid carbon skeletons with this quiz based on the lecture by Dr. Irma Martišienė from LUHS MA Department of Biochemistry. Topics also include the metabolism of Phe, Tyr, Met, the role of folic acid, and the biosynthesis of creatine, phosphocreatine, and nonessential amino acids.
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