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Questions and Answers
Which process can happen on its own, without the input of external energy?
What does anabolism literally mean?
What is the main reason for a cell to engage in catabolism?
What is the sum of anabolism and catabolism?
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What does catabolism do to potential energy?
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What is the process of producing more complex molecules from simpler molecules called?
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Which type of work requires external energy input for the process to happen?
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What is the main reason for a cell to engage in anabolism?
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Which process literally means 'breaking down'?
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What does catabolism provide for a cell?
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What is the role of ATP hydrolysis in cellular reactions?
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What is the function of activation energy (EA) in a reaction?
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How do enzymes speed up reactions?
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What is the relationship between enzymes and metabolism?
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What is the role of catalysts in spontaneous reactions?
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How do cells control metabolism through enzymes?
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What is the function of feedback inhibition in metabolic pathways?
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What is the role of almost every reaction in a cell being catalyzed by a unique enzyme?
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Why are catalysts needed for spontaneous reactions?
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What is the function of the unstable transition state in spontaneous reactions?
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What is the portion of a system’s energy that can be used to perform work when the temperature is uniform throughout the system?
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What is the difference in G between the final and initial state of a system?
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What is the energy currency of a cell and is consumed during various types of cellular work?
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What is a common coupling reaction used to drive forward nonspontaneous reactions in cells?
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What occurs when the products have greater stability than the substrates, indicated by a negative ΔG?
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What links catabolic processes that release energy to anabolism and other energy-requiring work?
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What is the series of linked reactions where the products of one reaction become the substrates for the next?
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What is the portion of a system’s energy that cannot be used to perform work when the temperature is uniform throughout the system?
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What is the enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of glucose in the cytoplasm?
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What is the name of the important biochemical pathway that involves the reduction of carbon dioxide to produce sugars?
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What is the relationship between biochemical pathways and the laws of thermodynamics?
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Explain the role of ATP in energy coupling and cellular work.
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How can the concept of energy coupling be analogized to everyday situations?
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How do enzymes speed up biochemical reactions, and why are they essential for cellular metabolism?
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What is the role of catalysts in spontaneous reactions, and why are catalysts needed for these reactions?
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How do cells control metabolism through enzymes, and why are regulatory enzymes important in metabolic pathways?
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What is feedback inhibition, and why is it a common regulatory mode in metabolic pathways?
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What is the relationship between anabolism and catabolism in metabolism?
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Explain the difference between spontaneous and non-spontaneous work in bioenergetics.
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What are the reasons for a cell to engage in catabolism?
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Study Notes
Biochemical Pathways and Energy Coupling
- Energy coupling links catabolic processes that release energy to anabolism and other energy-requiring work.
- Biochemical pathways are series of linked reactions where the products of one reaction become the substrates for the next.
- Important biochemical pathways include glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the Calvin cycle.
- Each reaction in a pathway is catalyzed by a unique enzyme, which are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions.
- At the cellular level, energy coupling can be analogized to water at the top of a dam, electricity, and making toast.
- The laws of thermodynamics state that energy is conserved and every energy transformation increases the entropy of the universe.
- The second law of thermodynamics implies that all energy is eventually converted into heat, which cannot be used by cells to perform work.
- Gibbs free energy (G) is the portion of a system’s energy that can be used to perform work when the temperature is uniform throughout the system.
- The free energy change (ΔG) is the difference in G between the final and initial state of a system.
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency of a cell and is consumed during various types of cellular work.
- ATP hydrolysis is a common coupling reaction used to drive forward nonspontaneous reactions in cells.
- A spontaneous reaction occurs when the products have greater stability than the substrates, indicated by a negative ΔG.
Biochemical Pathways and Energy Coupling
- Energy coupling links catabolic processes that release energy to anabolism and other energy-requiring work.
- Biochemical pathways are series of linked reactions where the products of one reaction become the substrates for the next.
- Important biochemical pathways include glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the Calvin cycle.
- Each reaction in a pathway is catalyzed by a unique enzyme, which are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions.
- At the cellular level, energy coupling can be analogized to water at the top of a dam, electricity, and making toast.
- The laws of thermodynamics state that energy is conserved and every energy transformation increases the entropy of the universe.
- The second law of thermodynamics implies that all energy is eventually converted into heat, which cannot be used by cells to perform work.
- Gibbs free energy (G) is the portion of a system’s energy that can be used to perform work when the temperature is uniform throughout the system.
- The free energy change (ΔG) is the difference in G between the final and initial state of a system.
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency of a cell and is consumed during various types of cellular work.
- ATP hydrolysis is a common coupling reaction used to drive forward nonspontaneous reactions in cells.
- A spontaneous reaction occurs when the products have greater stability than the substrates, indicated by a negative ΔG.
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Description
Test your knowledge of biochemical pathways and energy coupling with this quiz. Explore important pathways such as glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, and learn about the role of ATP as the cell's energy currency. Delve into the laws of thermodynamics and understand how energy is harnessed and transferred within the cell.