BIO3114 Biology - Topic 8: Digestive System

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the primary purpose of chemical digestion in food processing?

Passing undigested material out of the body

Breaking food into smaller pieces

Uptake of nutrients by body cells

Hydrolyzing polymers into monomers (correct)

Which stage of food processing involves the uptake of nutrients by body cells?

Mechanical fragmentation

Absorption (correct)

Elimination

Chemical digestion

In the digestive system, what is responsible for pushing food along the tract?

Absorption

Digestive enzymes

Peristalsis (correct)

Large intestine

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for final digestion and nutrient absorption?

Small intestine Signup and view all the answers

How long does food typically spend in the stomach for partial digestion?

2 - 6 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of peristalsis in the digestive system?

Pushing food along the digestive tract Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of bile in the small intestine?

Aiding in digestion and absorption of fats Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the small intestine mainly functions in the absorption of nutrients and water?

Jejunum Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hormones in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?

Coordination of digestive juices secretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the adaptation in the small intestine that greatly increases the rate of nutrient absorption?

Villi and microvilli on the surface Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the small intestine contains a network of blood vessels and a lacteal?

Villus core Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of microvilli in the small intestine?

Absorption of nutrients Signup and view all the answers

How often is the epithelium in the stomach completely replaced by mitosis?

Every three days Signup and view all the answers

What is the major cause of gastric ulcers according to Dr. Vinibha?

Helicobacter pylori bacterium Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the small intestine is the longest?

Jejunum Signup and view all the answers

What digestive juices mix with acid chyme in the duodenum?

Pancreatic juice, liver bile Signup and view all the answers

Which organ produces proteases trypsin and chymotrypsin for digestion?

Pancreas Signup and view all the answers

Where is bile produced and stored until needed?

Liver and gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of filter feeding?

Straining small organisms from the surrounding medium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals is an example of a filter feeder?

Humpback whale Signup and view all the answers

What do substrate feeders do?

Live in or on their food source Signup and view all the answers

How do filter feeders obtain their food?

By filtering small organisms from the environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the comblike plates called baleen in filter feeding animals?

To remove small invertebrates and fish from water Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chylomicrons formed in the epithelial cells?

Transport fatty acids to the liver Signup and view all the answers

What do chylomicrons consist of when they are formed in the small intestine?

Phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel transports chylomicrons into a lacteal in each villus?

Lymphatic vessels Signup and view all the answers

What occurs as wastes move through the colon?

They lose water content Signup and view all the answers

In the large intestine, why do herbivores generally have longer alimentary canals than carnivores?

To accommodate longer digestion of vegetation Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium resides in the colon and is known for producing various vitamins?

E. coli Signup and view all the answers