BIO 102: Unit 3 Exam Study Guide: Specialized Cells & Cell Signaling
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of DNA?

  • To create proteins via translation
  • To dictate the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) (correct)
  • To carry the genetic information translated by ribosomes
  • To dictate the synthesis of transfer RNA (tRNA)

Which nitrogenous base is found only in DNA?

  • Thymine (correct)
  • Adenine
  • Cytosine
  • Uracil

What are the two families of nitrogenous bases?

  • Pyrimidines and uracils
  • Adenines and guanines
  • Pyrimidines and purines (correct)
  • Purines and cytosines

Which type of nucleic acid is responsible for protein production in the cytoplasm?

<p>mRNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nucleotide component includes a five-carbon sugar?

<p>Apentose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA in protein synthesis?

<p>Creating proteins via translation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Primase at a replication fork?

<p>Synthesizes RNA primers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do cells typically exit the cell cycle to enter a nondividing state?

<p>G1 phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

<p>Lagging strand replicates continuously (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is responsible for stabilizing the unwound parental DNA strands during replication?

<p><strong>Single-strand binding</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Topoisomerase at a replication fork?

<p>Breaks and rejoins the parental DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase do cells prevent entry into mitosis when DNA damage is detected?

<p><strong>G2 phase</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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