Binomial Expansion and Theorem

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Questions and Answers

For what values of x is the binomial expansion of $(1 + x)^n$ valid when n is not a positive integer?

  • $x < -1$
  • $x > 1$
  • All real numbers
  • $-1 < x < 1$ (correct)

The binomial theorem provides a way to expand expressions of the form $(a + b)^n$ only when n is a positive integer.

False (B)

In the binomial expansion of $(1 + x)^n$, what is the coefficient of the $x^2$ term?

$n(n-1)/2$

In the binomial expansion of $(1 + x)^n$, the coefficient of the x term is equal to ______.

<p>n</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following expressions represents the third term (the term with $x^2$) in the binomial expansion of $(1 + x)^n$?

<p>$\frac{n(n-1)}{2}x^2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a homogenous expression of degree 'n' with variables 'a' and 'x', the sum of the powers of 'a' and 'x' in each term always equals 'n'.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a homogeneous expression, the sum of the ______ of the variables in each term is constant.

<p>powers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines a homogeneous expression of degree 'n'?

<p>The sum of the powers of the variables in each term is 'n'. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an expression involving variables 'a' and 'x' is homogeneous of degree 5, what is the sum of the powers of 'a' and 'x' in each term?

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes an expression where the sum of the powers of variables 'p' and 'q' in each term is always 8?

<p>It is a homogeneous expression of degree 8. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with coining the term for the pattern of coefficients described?

<p>Blaise Pascal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pattern of coefficients was discovered in the 18th century.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nationality of the mathematician who is credited with coining the term of remarkable pattern of coefficients?

<p>French</p> Signup and view all the answers

The remarkable pattern of coefficients was discovered in the 11th century by the Islamic _______, Omar Khayyam.

<p>polymath</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following figures is described as an Islamic polymath and credited with discovering the pattern of coefficients in the 11th century?

<p>Omar Khayyam (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When using the substitution $x = \frac{1}{3}$ to approximate an expression, which type of mathematical entity's value are we most likely attempting to find?

<p>A root of a function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Substituting $x = \frac{1}{3}$ into an equation will always result in a simpler expression to evaluate.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If substituting $x = \frac{1}{3}$ simplifies an equation to $3y^2 - 5y + 2 = 0$, what are the possible values of $y$?

<p>1, 2/3</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the equation $5 \sqrt[3]{2} = 1 + x - \frac{x^2}{3} + x^3$, which value of $x$ makes the equation true?

<p>$\frac{1}{125}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Substituting $x = \frac{1}{3}$ into an expression and evaluating it to five decimal places is a method of finding a(n) ________ value.

<p>approximate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each expression with its simplified form after substituting $x = \frac{1}{3}$:

<p>3x + 2 = 3 9x^2 - 1 = 0 6x - 1 = 1 1 - 3x = 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

The expression $(1 + 3x)^{\frac{1}{3}}$ is exactly equal to $\frac{2}{5}$ when $x = \frac{1}{125}$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate value of $5\sqrt[3]{2}$, rounded to 5 decimal places, according to the content?

<p>1.25992</p> Signup and view all the answers

When $x = \frac{1}{125}$, $(1 + 3x)^{\frac{1}{3}}$ equals $\left(\frac{______}{125}\right)^{\frac{1}{3}}$.

<p>128</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the initial expression with each subsequent simplification:

<p>$(1 + 3x)^{\frac{1}{3}}$ = $(\frac{128}{125})^{\frac{1}{3}}$ $(\frac{128}{125})^{\frac{1}{3}}$ = $\frac{4}{5}$ $\frac{4}{5}$ = $5\sqrt[3]{2}$ $5\sqrt[3]{2}$ = 1.25992 (approximate value)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be determined by comparing rows in Table 1 and Figure 1?

<p>The probability of death. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the first row of Table 1 does not match the second row in Figure 1, calculating the rate of death remains unaffected.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What calculation can be performed by comparing the data in Table 1 and Figure 1?

<p>probability of death</p> Signup and view all the answers

The probability of ______ can be calculated by comparing matching data in Table 1 and Figure 1.

<p>death</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context is the comparison between Table 1 and Figure 1 useful?

<p>Calculating mortality risks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sum of Powers

The sum of the powers of a and x equals n in a term.

Term Representation

In a term, the representation involves powers of variables a and x that add to n.

n in Polynomial

n represents the highest power in a polynomial term.

r in Theorem

r refers to a specific position in the combination of terms of a polynomial.

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Combination Formula

The combination formula involves choosing r from n, represented as nCr.

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Expansion Validity for n

The range of x values for which the binomial expansion is valid when n is a positive integer.

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Positive Integer n

A number greater than zero that does not have fractions or decimals.

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Binomial Expansion

A way to express (1 + x) to the power of n through a series of terms.

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Convergence in Series

The property that determines if the terms of a series approach a limit as more terms are added.

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Terms of Expansion

The individual parts of the series resulting from the binomial expansion.

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Substitution Method

A method to find the value of an expression by replacing variables with numbers.

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Value of x

The specific number assigned to the variable x in an equation.

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Decimal Points

The number of digits to the right of the decimal in a numerical value.

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Precision in Calculation

The degree to which the result of a calculation is accurate and detailed.

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Evaluating Expressions

The process of calculating the value of an expression.

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Blaise Pascal

A French mathematician known for his work in probability and geometry.

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Omar Khayyam

An Islamic polymath who discovered a pattern of coefficients in the 11th century.

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Pascal's Triangle

A triangular array of coefficients that shows binomial expansions.

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Binomial Coefficients

Numbers representing the coefficients in the binomial expansion, found in Pascal's Triangle.

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Mathematical Patterns

Recognizable sequences or arrangements that often reveal deeper properties.

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Probability of Death

The likelihood of death occurring, calculated from data.

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Table 1 and Figure 1 Matching

The first row of Table 1 corresponds to the second row of Figure 1.

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Last Row Comparison

The last row in Table 1 is identical to the last row in Figure 1.

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Data Comparison

Matching data between different forms like tables or figures to extract insights.

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Calculating Probabilities

Using data from tables or figures to determine the chance of specific outcomes.

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Expression Components

The expression includes constants, variables, and powers summed together.

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Expansion of 1 + 3x

The expression expands to multiple terms with powers of x.

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Approximation of Result

The resulting value is approximately 1.25992.

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Power Series

A power series represents a function as a sum of terms with powers.

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Study Notes

Binomial Expansion and Hayah

  • Binomial Theorem is used to expand expressions of the form (a + x)n where n is a positive integer.
  • The expansion of (a + x)n involves terms of the form nCr an-rxr where nCr is a binomial coefficient.
  • The binomial coefficients are calculated using the formula nCr = n! / ( (n-r)! * r! ) where n! = n*(n-1)*(n-2)...*1.
  • Pascal's Triangle provides a visual representation of binomial coefficients.
  • Each row in Pascal's Triangle starts and ends with 1.
  • The other coefficients in a row are obtained by adding the two coefficients just above in the preceding row.
  • The powers of a decrease by 1 as the powers of x increase by 1 in each term of the expansion.
  • The sum of the powers of a and x in each term is equal to the power of (a+x).
  • The expansion of (a+x)^n has (n+1) terms.

Binomial Theorem when n is not a positive integer

  • The expansion of (1+x)^n still holds for non-positive integer values of n, but the number of terms is infinite.
  • The expansion is valid for |x| <1
  • The expansion can be expressed as (1+x)^n= 1+nx+n(n-1)x^2/2!+n(n-1)(n-2)x^3/3!+....
  • For example (1+x)^-2 = 1-2x+3x^2-4x^3+..., |x|<1

Examples of using binomial theorem

  • Examples show how to find the expansions for various binomial expressions.
  • One such example is expanding (2+x)^5.
  • Expansions include expressions like (1-2x)^4
  • These examples demonstrate the derivation of the terms involved in the expansion using Pascal's triangle.

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