বিদেশী বিচাৰ আৰু একাংশৰ প্ৰযোজনা

Newspaper Analysis - 5th February 2025

• The date of the analysis is 5th February 2025.
• Key issues discussed include deportation of foreign nationals.
• The analysis also covered "Mission for Atma Nirbharta in Pulses".
• Another significant topic is the one-way gamble of tax cuts.
• M23 rebels were also discussed in the analysis.

Message from SPM IAS Academy

• Coaching classes cannot guarantee success; hard work is crucial.
• Every student has different needs and learning styles.
• Thorough assessment and self-investigation are advisable before joining the academy.

Topics of the Day

• GS Paper II - Indian Polity (Issue of deportation of declared foreigners).
• GS Paper III - Indian Agriculture ("Mission for Atma Nirbharta in Pulses").
• GS Paper III - Indian Economy (Tax cuts-are a one-way gamble).
• Prelims (M23 rebels).

Issue of deportation of declared foreigners

• Assam faces Supreme Court scrutiny regarding the deportation of 63 foreigners.
• Deportation process is complex and involves diplomatic efforts.
• The 63 individuals in question haven't shared their addresses.
• The role of the state government is limited to referring to the Ministry of External Affairs in such cases.
• The individuals in question are neither Indian citizens nor have their citizenship status known.
• Foreigners Tribunal process doesn't confirm the country of origin for the individuals.
• Many of the 63 individuals can appeal against tribunals' decision in the High Court and Supreme Court.
• Some individuals have been detained for more than six years.
• There have been releases from detention in the last few years.
• Challenges exist for cases where the country or exact address is not evident.

How illegal foreign immigrants are identified

• Foreigners Tribunals (FTs) determine if a person is a foreigner or an Indian citizen.
• The Border Security Force (BSF) and state police monitor border areas and illegal crossings.
• Intelligence agencies track suspected undocumented immigrants.
• "D-Voters" in Assam are a category whose citizenship is doubtful, introduced in 1997.

Foreigner Tribunal

• The Foreigners Act of 1946 defines a foreigner as someone not a citizen of India.
• The Foreigners (Tribunals) Order of 1964 establishes Foreigner Tribunals.
• Tribunals decide if an individual is a foreigner or an Indian citizen.
• Appeals against Tribunal decisions can be made in High Court.
• Prior to 2019, the power to establish Tribunals rested solely with the Centre.
• Now, states also have this authority.

Foreigner Tribunal (continued)

• FTs exist in Assam but not in other states.
• An illegal immigrant in other states is brought before a local court and judged based on the Foreigners Act of 1946.
• Within section 9 of the Foreigners Act, the burden of proof is on the individual in order to prove they are not foreign.

Current Case (regarding deportation)

• The Supreme Court criticized the Assam government for not deporting 63 foreigners.
• Many declared foreigners are housed in Assam's Matia transit camp.
• Article 21 of the Indian Constitution is relevant to this.

"Mission for Atma Nirbharta in Pulses"

• The budget includes a ₹1,000 crore Mission for self-reliance in Pulses (tur, urad, & masoor).
• The primary goal is to reduce India's reliance on pulse imports.
• India's imports of pulses surged in 2023-24.
• India has achieved near self-reliance in pulses before but imports have again begun to rise.
• Pulse production in India is high, but there are challenges with maintaining self-reliance across all pulse types.

Challenges in Achieving Atma Nirbharta in Pulses

• Limited productivity of tur/arhar (pigeon pea): traditional methods take more than 250 days and have lower yields (15-16 quintals/hectare).
• Lower Minimum Support Price (MSP) for pulses compared to other crops discourages domestic pulse production, leading to import reliance.

Tax Cuts - A One-Way Gamble

• Tax cuts in the Budget increased the rebate limit from ₹7 Lakh to ₹12 Lakh.
• Income up to ₹12 Lakh are no longer required to pay tax.

Analysis of Tax Cut Strategy

• Proponents argue that lower taxes increase economic activity and revenue.
• Critics argue that if tax revenue falls short, government deficit may increase.

M23 Rebels

• The March 23 Movement (M23) is a rebel group primarily based in the North and South Kivu provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), backed by Rwanda.
• Recent developments include the M23 seizing control of Goma, the largest city in eastern DRC, in late January 2025.
• The conflict led to considerable casualties and displacement.

Previous Day's Questions (Answers)

• Details regarding previous day’s questions and answers are provided. (Refer to the specific sections of the documents)