Week 1 inflammation
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of atherosclerosis?

  • Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
  • Chronic inflammation of vessel wall (correct)
  • Inadequate blood flow to heart or legs
  • Buildup of fatty plaque in arteries

What is the connection between diabetes and inflammation?

  • Diabetes reduces oxidative stress which enhances inflammation
  • Diabetes decreases the risk of inflammation
  • Diabetes has no effect on inflammation
  • Diabetes promotes oxidative stress which enhances inflammation (correct)

What is the link between visceral fat and inflammation?

  • Visceral fat decreases the risk of inflammation-related diseases
  • Visceral fat contains proinflammatory cytokines which cause low-grade inflammation (correct)
  • Visceral fat has no effect on inflammation
  • Visceral fat reduces inflammation in the body

Which type of immune response takes more time to develop and can become maladaptive in autoimmune conditions?

<p>Adaptive immune response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the cardinal features of acute inflammation?

<p>Vascular changes, pain and dysfunction, classic inflammatory cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of arthritis is marked by systemic inflammation caused by the immune system attacking healthy tissue?

<p>Rheumatoid arthritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following may trigger inflammation?

<p>Exposure to UV light (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between acute and chronic inflammation?

<p>Acute inflammation commences within minutes and dissipates within few hours to days, while chronic inflammation may linger for months to years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some factors that can influence soft tissue healing?

<p>Getting enough rest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nerve injury involves division of entire nerve, Wallerian degeneration, and limited regeneration due to intraneural damage and misdirected regeneration?

<p>Neurotmesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for acute inflammation and tissue injury?

<p>Ice, compression, and elevation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the features of chronic tendinopathy?

<p>Tissue destruction and attempts at healing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major factor that influences muscle healing?

<p>Limited early stress across the wound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a grade I and a grade II muscle strain?

<p>Grade I has minimal haematoma, while Grade II has greater haematoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that influences ligament healing?

<p>Gap between ligament ends (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the inflammatory phase in soft-tissue healing?

<p>To eliminate debris (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between CRP and hs-CRP?

<p>CRP is used to measure risk of heart disease and stroke, while hs-CRP is the most widely used lab measure of inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the proliferative phase in soft-tissue healing?

<p>To generate new replacement tissue or scar tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time frame for muscle soreness in Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)?

<p>Starts after 24 hrs, peaks at 24-48 hrs and subsides by 7 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of tendon injury?

<p>Chronic overload and microdamage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of compartment syndrome?

<p>Swollen, painful limb, tense muscle, weak pulse or diminished nerve function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis?

<p>Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a way that exercise promotes tissue repair?

<p>Promoting release of anti-inflammatory proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the detrimental effects of immobilisation after a ligament injury?

<p>Increased resorption of bone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can eliminate or reduce the need for NSAIDs or steroids?

<p>DMARDs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) do?

<p>Suppress inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can assist in weight loss?

<p>Exercise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of exercise on inflammation-promoting macrophages in fat tissue?

<p>It decreases their proliferation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis?

<p>DMARDs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does immobilisation have on bone resorption?

<p>It increases bone resorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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