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What was the approximate DDD/1000 inhabitants/day for beta-lactam prescriptions in Norway in 2015?
What was the approximate DDD/1000 inhabitants/day for beta-lactam prescriptions in Norway in 2015?
- 15.4
- 5.3
- 20.1
- 10.2 (correct)
Which beta-lactam had the highest DDD value among the listed agents in Norway in 2015?
Which beta-lactam had the highest DDD value among the listed agents in Norway in 2015?
- piperacillin/tazobactam
- flucloxacillin (correct)
- amoxicillin
- phenoxymethylpenicillin
Which two beta-lactams had the same DDD value of 2.32?
Which two beta-lactams had the same DDD value of 2.32?
- phenoxymethylpenicillin and benzathine penicillin (correct)
- flucloxacillin and cloxacillin
- amoxicillin and ampicillin with colestyramine
- phenoxymethylpenicillin and piperacillin/tazobactam
What percentage of beta-lactam parenteral prescriptions were discharged from Molde Hospital?
What percentage of beta-lactam parenteral prescriptions were discharged from Molde Hospital?
According to Huttner and colleagues, how much lower was the outpatient consumption of amoxicillin compared to penicillin?
According to Huttner and colleagues, how much lower was the outpatient consumption of amoxicillin compared to penicillin?
What percentage of total antibiotic prescriptions did beta-lactams constitute according to Huttner's study?
What percentage of total antibiotic prescriptions did beta-lactams constitute according to Huttner's study?
Which combination beta-lactam was found to be 3.2-fold higher in use than amoxicillin?
Which combination beta-lactam was found to be 3.2-fold higher in use than amoxicillin?
Which beta-lactam had the lowest DDD value among the agents listed?
Which beta-lactam had the lowest DDD value among the agents listed?
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Study Notes
Beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Norway
- In 2015, the average consumption of beta-lactam antibiotics in Norway was 10.2 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day.
- The individual DDD values for different beta-lactam agents were: amoxicillin (2.71), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (1.32), phenoxymethylpenicillin (2.32), and flucloxacillin (3.59).
Age-Specific Consumption
- Children under the age of ten accounted for one-third of all beta-lactam antibiotics dispensed in outpatient settings.
- Consumption rates of beta-lactam antibiotics decreased significantly among children above the age of ten.
Hospital Prescriptions
- Few parenteral prescriptions were discharged from hospitals: 3.4% from St Olav's Hospital and 20.8% from Molde Hospital.
International Variability
- Beta-lactam antibiotic usage varies greatly between different countries and regions, depending on local prescribing habits, regional antibiotic resistance rates, and community-specific microbiomes.
Amoxicillin and Amoxiclav Consumption
- Outpatient consumption of amoxicillin was found to be 6.5-fold lower than that of penicillin.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (amoxiclav) was the most popular beta-lactam combination, with usage 3.2-fold higher than that of amoxicillin.
Beta-Lactam Prescription Patterns
- Beta-lactams constituted an average of 50% of all antibiotic prescriptions.
- The most commonly used beta-lactams were amoxicillin (73.2%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (10.4%), and benzathine penicillin (10.4%).
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