Beta Blockers in Ophthalmology

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Questions and Answers

Match the medication with its mechanism of action in treating glaucoma:

Timolol = Decrease production of aqueous humor Pilocarpine = Increase outflow Latanoprost = Increase outflow Dorzolamide = Decrease production of aqueous humor

Match the medication with its corresponding side effect:

Betaxolol = Ocular irritation Apraclonidine = Red eye Pilocarpine = Pain Latanoprost = Iris pigmentation

Match the medication class with its corresponding example:

B-antagonist = Betaxolol A2-agonist = Apraclonidine Cholinergic Agonist = Pilocarpine PGs-like analogues = Latanoprost

Match the medication with its family:

Metipranolol = B-antagonist Brimonidine = A2-agonist Carbachol = Cholinergic Agonist Travoprost = PGs-like analogues Signup and view all the answers

Match the medication with its systemic side effect:

Betaxolol = Bradycardia Apraclonidine = Malaise Pilocarpine = None listed Acetazolamide = Nausea Signup and view all the answers

Match the medication with its contraindication:

Betaxolol = CI with asthma, COPD Apraclonidine = None listed Pilocarpine = None listed Dorzolamide = None listed Signup and view all the answers

Match the medication with its mechanism of action:

Timolol = Decrease production of aqueous humor Apraclonidine = Increase outflow Pilocarpine = Increase outflow Dorzolamide = Decrease production of aqueous humor Signup and view all the answers

Match the medication with its ophthalmic side effect:

Betaxolol = Ocular irritation Apraclonidine = Red eye Latanoprost = Iris pigmentation Pilocarpine = Increased myopia Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Betaxolol in treating glaucoma?

Decrease production of aqueous humor Signup and view all the answers

Apraclonidine is a cholinergic agonist.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary side effect of Pilocarpine?

Pain and increased myopia Signup and view all the answers

Latanoprost is a _______________ analogue.

PGs-like Signup and view all the answers

What is a common contraindication of metipranolol?

Asthma Signup and view all the answers

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can cause renal stones as a side effect.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Brimonidine in treating glaucoma?

Decrease production and increase outflow Signup and view all the answers

Match the medication with its corresponding family:

Timolol = B-antagonist Apraclonidine = A2-agonist Pilocarpine = Cholinergic Agonist Latanoprost = PGs-like analogue Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Beta Antagonists

Betaxolol, carteolol, levubunolol, metipranolol, and timolol are beta antagonist medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include ocular irritation, contraindicated in asthma and COPD due to risk of bronchospasm, and contraindicated in CHF due to risk of bradycardia.
They work by decreasing the production of aqueous humor.

Alpha-2 Agonists

Apraclonidine and brimonidine are alpha-2 agonist medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include red eye, allergic reactions, malaise, and headache.
They work by decreasing the production of aqueous humor and increasing outflow.

Cholinergic Agonists

Pilocarpine and carbachol are cholinergic agonist medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include pain, increased pain, and increased myopia.
They work by increasing outflow.

Prostaglandin-like Analogues

Latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost are prostaglandin-like analogue medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include pain, iris pigmentation, and excessive eyelashes growth.
They work by increasing outflow.

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Dorzolamide, brinzolamide, acetazolamide, and methazolamide are carbonic anhydrase inhibitor medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include transient myopia, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and renal stones.
They work by decreasing the production of aqueous humor.

Beta Antagonists

Betaxolol, carteolol, levubunolol, metipranolol, and timolol are beta antagonist medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include ocular irritation, contraindicated in asthma and COPD due to risk of bronchospasm, and contraindicated in CHF due to risk of bradycardia.
They work by decreasing the production of aqueous humor.

Alpha-2 Agonists

Apraclonidine and brimonidine are alpha-2 agonist medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include red eye, allergic reactions, malaise, and headache.
They work by decreasing the production of aqueous humor and increasing outflow.

Cholinergic Agonists

Pilocarpine and carbachol are cholinergic agonist medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include pain, increased pain, and increased myopia.
They work by increasing outflow.

Prostaglandin-like Analogues

Latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost are prostaglandin-like analogue medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include pain, iris pigmentation, and excessive eyelashes growth.
They work by increasing outflow.

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Dorzolamide, brinzolamide, acetazolamide, and methazolamide are carbonic anhydrase inhibitor medications used to treat glaucoma.
Side effects include transient myopia, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and renal stones.
They work by decreasing the production of aqueous humor.

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Description

This quiz covers the uses and side effects of beta blockers, such as betaxolol and carteolol, in the treatment of glaucoma. It also explores their contraindications and interactions with other conditions.