Beta Blockers for Migraine Prevention

<p>Patients with asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Affecting the central catecholaminergic system and brain serotonin receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.5 to 1 mg/kg/d</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulse below 50</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assess for side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can worsen depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Has an indication for migraine prophylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nortriptyline (Pamelor)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Start daily dosing a week before menses and continue for a week after</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of nephrotoxicity or GI problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The data are weak and conflicting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibiting vasospasm of the cerebral arteries and preventing cerebral hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Verapamil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Level C recommendation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is effective for chronic migraine but not episodic migraine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An injection of 155 units in 31 sites divided across seven head and neck muscle areas, repeated every 12 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identifying and avoiding migraine triggers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It modulates spontaneous discharge rates of cortical neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It shifts neuronal resting membrane potential, thereby modulating spontaneous discharge rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is no longer recommended due to safety and quality concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is more effective than oral pharmacologic placebos</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chocolate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamins and minerals like riboflavin, magnesium, and feverfew</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2,400 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive-behavioral therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is typically diagnosed in individuals with a prior history of migraine or tension-type headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcranial magnetic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every 1 to 2 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential side effects of medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To safeguard against potential medication overuse headache developing from overuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sudden onset of daily headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-limiting and refractory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The incidence and prevalence in the general population are unknown</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epstein-Barr virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persistent inflammation in the nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The best approach is to manage symptoms based on chronicity and severity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amitriptyline</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitor for efficacy of therapy, side effects, and refractory symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consider the possibility of a secondary headache and refer for further evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients should track symptoms and treatment outcomes, as the therapeutic window might be narrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emphasizing the biological origin of the disorder and the importance of avoiding medication overuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nonpharmacological therapies should be used to complement pharmacological treatments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine if the patient is experiencing prolonged and refractory symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing information about the general timeline for maintaining the dose of beta blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the patient understands the overall treatment plan and adheres to the prescribed drug therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Divalproex</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To minimize the impact of migraine headaches on patients' quality of life, social functioning, and ability to work</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both b and c</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eliminate the item from their diet for 2 weeks and then reintroduce it</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 to 3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bilateral, persistent, and dull pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30% to 78%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Migraine is worsened by physical activity, while TTH is not</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eliminate one item at a time from the common triggers list and monitor for improvements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decrease headache frequency and severity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serotonin and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent medication overuse headaches (MOH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Key role</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Topiramate and gabapentin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superiority over placebo shown in low-quality trials</p> Signup and view all the answers