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What is one of the main side effects of certain antidepressant medications?
What is one of the main side effects of certain antidepressant medications?
Benzodiazepines are primarily used to treat depression.
Benzodiazepines are primarily used to treat depression.
False
List two side effects of benzodiazepines.
List two side effects of benzodiazepines.
Amnesia and sedation
Spiritual distress can occur when there is a conflict between a patient's beliefs and their __________ health regimens.
Spiritual distress can occur when there is a conflict between a patient's beliefs and their __________ health regimens.
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Match the following side effects with the type of drug:
Match the following side effects with the type of drug:
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Which of the following is NOT a side effect of benzodiazepines?
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of benzodiazepines?
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People often question their spiritual values when they experience spiritual distress.
People often question their spiritual values when they experience spiritual distress.
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What term describes the disruption in a person's life principle that affects their spiritual well-being?
What term describes the disruption in a person's life principle that affects their spiritual well-being?
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What is the primary use of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) in asthma treatment?
What is the primary use of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) in asthma treatment?
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LABAs should always be used alone for long-term control of asthma.
LABAs should always be used alone for long-term control of asthma.
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Name one common side effect of inhaled short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs).
Name one common side effect of inhaled short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs).
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LABAs have a long duration of action and are typically dosed every ____ to ____ hours.
LABAs have a long duration of action and are typically dosed every ____ to ____ hours.
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Which of the following medications is available only in combination with another drug?
Which of the following medications is available only in combination with another drug?
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Excessive use of beta2-adrenergic agonists can lead to paradoxical bronchoconstriction.
Excessive use of beta2-adrenergic agonists can lead to paradoxical bronchoconstriction.
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What adverse effect may LABAs cause that involves the heart's electrical activity?
What adverse effect may LABAs cause that involves the heart's electrical activity?
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Common side effects of inhaled LABAs include anxiety, tachycardia, and _____.
Common side effects of inhaled LABAs include anxiety, tachycardia, and _____.
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Match the following medications with their type:
Match the following medications with their type:
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What should be used in conjunction with LABAs for optimal asthma control?
What should be used in conjunction with LABAs for optimal asthma control?
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Which of the following antidepressants is commonly used as a sleep aid?
Which of the following antidepressants is commonly used as a sleep aid?
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All antidepressants are approved by the FDA for use as sleep aids.
All antidepressants are approved by the FDA for use as sleep aids.
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What is one of the main side effects of certain antidepressant medications?
What is one of the main side effects of certain antidepressant medications?
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Antidepressants can affect either the ________ or serotonin receptors to cause a sedative effect.
Antidepressants can affect either the ________ or serotonin receptors to cause a sedative effect.
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Match the antidepressants with their brand names:
Match the antidepressants with their brand names:
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What does 'off-label' use of medication imply?
What does 'off-label' use of medication imply?
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Antidepressants are only prescribed at high doses when used as sleep aids.
Antidepressants are only prescribed at high doses when used as sleep aids.
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Name a common antidepressant used for its sedative properties.
Name a common antidepressant used for its sedative properties.
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The FDA stands for ________ and Drug Administration.
The FDA stands for ________ and Drug Administration.
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Which antidepressant is NOT used as a sleep aid?
Which antidepressant is NOT used as a sleep aid?
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What is the recommended amount of sleep for adolescents?
What is the recommended amount of sleep for adolescents?
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Antidepressants can increase REM sleep.
Antidepressants can increase REM sleep.
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What are two management methods that can help with sleep difficulties?
What are two management methods that can help with sleep difficulties?
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Patients with narcolepsy should avoid _____ as it increases drowsiness.
Patients with narcolepsy should avoid _____ as it increases drowsiness.
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Match the age group to their average sleep requirement:
Match the age group to their average sleep requirement:
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Which of the following is a common side effect of anticonvulsants?
Which of the following is a common side effect of anticonvulsants?
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Older adults typically require a consistent amount of sleep similar to young adults.
Older adults typically require a consistent amount of sleep similar to young adults.
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What is the average sleep duration for a 6-year-old?
What is the average sleep duration for a 6-year-old?
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Antidepressants may lead to _____ as a side effect.
Antidepressants may lead to _____ as a side effect.
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Which of the following factors contribute to increased drowsiness?
Which of the following factors contribute to increased drowsiness?
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What does a sensitivity test determine regarding an antibiotic's effectiveness?
What does a sensitivity test determine regarding an antibiotic's effectiveness?
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Suctioning too frequently can lead to increased risk of infection due to repeated mucosal trauma.
Suctioning too frequently can lead to increased risk of infection due to repeated mucosal trauma.
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What is the main purpose of an oxygen mask?
What is the main purpose of an oxygen mask?
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The acronym 'HABITS' helps remember the side effects of suctioning too frequently: H - Hypoxemia, A - Airway trauma, B - ______, I - Increased infection risk, T - Tachycardia, S - Stimulation of vagus nerve.
The acronym 'HABITS' helps remember the side effects of suctioning too frequently: H - Hypoxemia, A - Airway trauma, B - ______, I - Increased infection risk, T - Tachycardia, S - Stimulation of vagus nerve.
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Match the following side effects with their corresponding descriptions:
Match the following side effects with their corresponding descriptions:
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Study Notes
Benzodiazepines
- Benzodiazepines are the most prescribed anxiolytic drugs.
- They are used to treat anxiety.
- Common side effects include amnesia, anorexia, sedation, lethargy, fatigue, confusion, drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, headache, slurred speech, visual changes, hypotension, weight gain or loss, nausea, and weakness.
- Mild, infrequent side effects include headache, drowsiness, dizziness, cognitive impairment, vertigo, lethargy, fall hazard for older adults, and hangover effect or daytime sleepiness.
Spiritual Distress
- Spiritual distress is a disruption in the life principle that pervades a person's entire being and transcends their biological and psychosocial nature.
- Individuals with spiritual distress can experience self-doubt, lose faith, feel alone, abandoned, and question their spiritual values or the meaning of life.
- This can be exacerbated by illness, loss, grief, major life changes, or a conflict between a patient's beliefs and prescribed health regimens.
- Spiritual distress can also occur when patients face the inability to practice their usual rituals.
Sleep Requirements
- Neonates: 16 hours of sleep
- Infants: 15 hours total with naps
- Toddlers: 12 hours total with a nap
- Preschoolers: 12 hours per night
- School-age: 9-12 hours
- Adolescents: 8-10 hours recommended
- Young Adults: 6-8.5 hours per night
- Middle Adults: 7-9 hours per night
- Older Adults: varies; many have sleep problems
Side Effects of Antidepressants, Anticonvulsants and Stimulants
- Antidepressants: can cause nausea, increased appetite and weight gain, loss of sexual desire, fatigue, dizziness, dry mouth, insomnia, and constipation.
- Anticonvulsants: can cause drowsiness, dizziness, headaches, nausea, blurred vision, and unsteadiness.
- Antidepressants and Stimulants: suppress REM sleep and decrease total sleep time.
- Both antidepressants and anticonvulsants may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, especially in young adults.
Long-Acting Beta2-Agonists (LABAs)
- LABAs: are long-acting bronchodilators used for maintenance therapy, not acute relief.
- They are not first-choice agents for long-term control and should always be combined with an inhaled glucocorticoid.
- LABAs should never be used as first-line therapy for prolonged control or alone.
- They may increase the risk of severe asthma and asthma-related death when used as monotherapy for long-term control.
Side Effects of LABAs
- Common side effects include tremors, anxiety, restlessness, dizziness, headache, palpitations, tachycardia, angina, cough, and bronchospasms.
- LABAs can prolong the QT interval and cause ventricular arrhythmias.
- Oral LABAs may activate beta receptors in the heart.
Side Effects of Frequent Suctioning
-
HABITS:
- Hypoxemia (low oxygen levels)
- Airway trauma
- Bleeding
- Increased infection risk
- Tachycardia (fast heart rate)
- Stimulation of the vagus nerve (can cause arrhythmias, increased ICP)
- Suctioning can lead to trauma and bleeding of the airway mucosa.
- Can cause hypoxemia from interrupted ventilation.
- Increased risk of arrhythmias and cardiovascular instability.
- Atelectasis (collapsed lung segments) if too much air is removed.
- Increased risk of infection from repeated mucosal trauma.
- Patient discomfort, anxiety, and fatigue.
- Increased intracranial pressure in patients with head injuries.
Oxygen Mask
- An oxygen mask is a plastic device that fits snugly over the mouth and nose.
- It is secured in place with a strap.
- It delivers oxygen as the patient breathes through either the mouth or nose.
- An adjustable elastic band is attached to either side of the mask that slides over the head to above the ears to hold the mask in place.
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Description
Explore the dual topics of benzodiazepines as anxiolytic drugs and the concept of spiritual distress. This quiz covers the uses, side effects of benzodiazepines, and the emotional turmoil experienced during spiritual distress. Understand the implications for both physical and mental health.
