Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the behaviourist theory of learning primarily emphasize?
What does the behaviourist theory of learning primarily emphasize?
- The significance of innate biological factors in behavior development
- The importance of social interactions in learning processes
- The role of internal thoughts in understanding learning
- The modification of observable behaviors through environmental stimuli (correct)
According to B.F. Skinner, which of the following best describes learning?
According to B.F. Skinner, which of the following best describes learning?
- A lasting change in behavior triggered by external events (correct)
- A permanent change in behavior resulting from cognitive restructuring
- A culmination of personal experience and introspection
- A process influenced solely by genetic predispositions
Which assumption of behaviorism highlights the importance of external factors over individual learner characteristics?
Which assumption of behaviorism highlights the importance of external factors over individual learner characteristics?
- Observable behavior
- Contiguity principles
- Innate behaviorism
- Environmental influence (correct)
What does the contiguity principle in behaviourism suggest about learning?
What does the contiguity principle in behaviourism suggest about learning?
What likely happens to behaviors that are positively reinforced according to behaviourist principles?
What likely happens to behaviors that are positively reinforced according to behaviourist principles?
What is behaviourism?
What is behaviourism?
Who is considered to be the key to understanding learning?
Who is considered to be the key to understanding learning?
How did the behaviourists use experimental procedures to study learning?
How did the behaviourists use experimental procedures to study learning?
According to the behaviourist theory, the environment provides stimuli to which individuals develop responses.
According to the behaviourist theory, the environment provides stimuli to which individuals develop responses.
Who was one of the foremost behaviourists to expand on the works of John Watson?
Who was one of the foremost behaviourists to expand on the works of John Watson?
Skinner believed that learning is a change of behaviour resulting from external events.
Skinner believed that learning is a change of behaviour resulting from external events.
Skinner believed that learning occurs when unconscious stimuli triggers an action.
Skinner believed that learning occurs when unconscious stimuli triggers an action.
What is an example of a repeated action that is likely to be rewarded?
What is an example of a repeated action that is likely to be rewarded?
There are three assumptions that underpin the behaviourist theory of learning.
There are three assumptions that underpin the behaviourist theory of learning.
Learning is an internal thought process.
Learning is an internal thought process.
The environment shapes one's behaviour.
The environment shapes one's behaviour.
Learning is determined by internal thoughts and not by external factors.
Learning is determined by internal thoughts and not by external factors.
The contiguity principle states that how close in time two events must be for a bond to be formed.
The contiguity principle states that how close in time two events must be for a bond to be formed.
Reinforcement is any consequence that increases the probability of the behaviour producing that consequence.
Reinforcement is any consequence that increases the probability of the behaviour producing that consequence.
Flashcards
Behaviourism
Behaviourism
A psychological approach focusing on observable behaviours and how they change through environmental interactions.
Observable behavior
Observable behavior
The measurable changes in actions or responses, viewed externally by others.
Environmental influence (in learning)
Environmental influence (in learning)
The environment dictates what behaviour is learned, rather than internal thought.
Contiguity Principle
Contiguity Principle
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Reinforcement
Reinforcement
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Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
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Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
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Instrumental Conditioning
Instrumental Conditioning
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Positive Reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement
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Punishment
Punishment
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Activity (Learning by Doing)
Activity (Learning by Doing)
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Repetition
Repetition
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Generalization
Generalization
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Discrimination
Discrimination
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Thorndike's S-R Theory
Thorndike's S-R Theory
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Hartley's Four Stages
Hartley's Four Stages
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Variable Contexts
Variable Contexts
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Practice Makes Perfect
Practice Makes Perfect
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Skills Acquisition
Skills Acquisition
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What is the difference between classical and operant conditioning?
What is the difference between classical and operant conditioning?
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How does positive reinforcement work?
How does positive reinforcement work?
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Why is punishment less effective than positive reinforcement?
Why is punishment less effective than positive reinforcement?
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What is the role of repetition in learning?
What is the role of repetition in learning?
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Why is it essential to practice in diverse contexts?
Why is it essential to practice in diverse contexts?
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How does Thorndike's S-R theory explain learning?
How does Thorndike's S-R theory explain learning?
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Study Notes
Behaviourist Theory of Learning
- Behaviourism is a field of psychology focusing on individual behaviour.
- It stems from the early work of John B. Watson (1913, 1925).
- Watson believed understanding learning could be found through behaviour analysis.
- Behaviourists use experimental procedures to modify behaviours observable.
- Learning is observable, influenced by stimuli, and conditioned through environmental changes.
- Individuals respond to stimuli presented by the environment.
- Burrhus Frederic Skinner (1953, 1963) expanded on Watson's work.
- Skinner believed learning was an enduring change in behaviour from external stimuli (conscious or unconscious).
- Actions rewarded are more likely to be repeated (learned).
- Three critical behaviourist assumptions are:
i. Observable Behaviour
- Learning is demonstrated by observable behaviour changes, rather than internal thought processes.
ii. Environment's Influence
- Learning is determined by environmental elements, independent of the individual.
iii. Contiguity and Reinforcement
- Learning develops from the closeness in time between events (contiguity) and reinforcement.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of the Behaviourist Theory of Learning, including the foundational principles established by John B. Watson and later expanded by Burrhus Frederic Skinner. This quiz covers observable behavior, environmental influences, and the mechanisms of conditioning that shape learning processes. Test your understanding of how behavior is shaped by stimuli and rewards in the learning experience.
