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Questions and Answers
According to behavioral theories, personality is a result of what?
According to behavioral theories, personality is a result of what?
Interactions between the individual and the environment.
What do behavioral theorists study and what do they reject?
What do behavioral theorists study and what do they reject?
How do behavioral theorists change feelings?
How do behavioral theorists change feelings?
By changing behaviors, which in turn changes feelings.
What is observable behavior?
What is observable behavior?
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What is respondent behavior?
What is respondent behavior?
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What is operant behavior?
What is operant behavior?
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What are common applications of behavior modification therapies?
What are common applications of behavior modification therapies?
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How do social workers monitor behaviors when clients are not under 24-hour inpatient care?
How do social workers monitor behaviors when clients are not under 24-hour inpatient care?
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Who is associated with respondent/classical conditioning?
Who is associated with respondent/classical conditioning?
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Who is associated with operant conditioning?
Who is associated with operant conditioning?
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What are the techniques involved in operant conditioning?
What are the techniques involved in operant conditioning?
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What is aversion therapy?
What is aversion therapy?
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What is biofeedback?
What is biofeedback?
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What is extinction in behavioral terms?
What is extinction in behavioral terms?
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What is flooding?
What is flooding?
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What does in vivo desensitization involve?
What does in vivo desensitization involve?
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What is modeling in behavioral therapy?
What is modeling in behavioral therapy?
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What is rational emotive therapy (RET)?
What is rational emotive therapy (RET)?
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Study Notes
Behavioral Theory Overview
- Personality is shaped by interactions between the individual and their environment.
- Behavioral theorists prioritize observable and measurable actions, discarding internal thoughts and feelings.
Behavioral Change Mechanisms
- Feelings are influenced by behaviors; altering behaviors can modify or eliminate negative feelings.
- Treatment focuses on behavior modification to achieve desired emotional outcomes.
Types of Observable Behavior
- Observable behaviors include target symptoms or problematic actions, categorized into respondent and operant behaviors.
Respondent and Operant Behaviors
- Respondent Behavior: Involuntary reactions (e.g., anxiety, sexual responses) automatically triggered by a specific stimulus.
- Operant Behavior: Voluntary actions (e.g., walking, talking) guided by their consequences in the environment.
Applications of Behavior Modification
- Common interventions address sexual dysfunctions, phobic disorders, compulsive behaviors (like overeating or smoking), and support for individuals with intellectual disabilities or Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Monitoring Client Behavior
- Social workers encourage clients to self-monitor behaviors, a method that is cost-effective and supportive, yet may yield inaccurate data or resistance from clients.
Classical Conditioning
- Developed by Pavlov, involves creating associations between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus, leading to conditioned responses.
Operant Conditioning
- B.F. Skinner's framework: emphasizes the role of antecedents (preceding stimuli) leading to behaviors, which have reinforcing or punishing consequences.
- Reinforcement increases behavior, while punishment decreases it.
Techniques in Operant Conditioning
- Positive Reinforcement: Rewards that increase behavior frequency (e.g., praise, tokens).
- Negative Reinforcement: Increased behavior due to the removal of an unpleasant stimulus (e.g., ending discomfort).
- Positive Punishment: Introduction of an aversive consequence to reduce behavior (e.g., hitting).
- Negative Punishment: Removing a valued stimulus to decrease behavior (e.g., taking away a reward).
Aversion Therapy
- Treatment that reduces the appeal of a behavior by pairing it with an aversive stimulus, such as using Antabuse for alcoholism.
Biofeedback
- A training program that helps individuals control physiological functions (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure), useful for ADHD and anxiety disorders.
Extinction in Behavioral Theory
- The process of ceasing reinforcement for a behavior, leading to eventual reduction or termination of that behavior.
Flooding Technique
- A method for reducing anxiety through prolonged exposure to feared stimuli, whether real or imagined.
In Vivo Desensitization
- Gradual exposure to anxiety-inducing situations in a real-world context, progressing from least to most alarming.
Modeling Technique
- Instructional method where a model demonstrates desired behaviors for clients to emulate.
Rational Emotive Therapy (RET)
- A therapy focused on changing irrational beliefs through logic and rational discussion to encourage healthier thought patterns.
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Description
Test your understanding of behavioral theories with these flashcards. Explore key concepts, definitions, and the differences behavioral theorists have with other psychological approaches. Perfect for students studying psychology.
