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Questions and Answers
In the context of behavioral contrast, a pigeon that experiences a shift from a multiple FR 10 VI 60-sec schedule to a multiple FR 100 VI 60-sec schedule will likely (increase/decrease) its rate of response on the VI 60-sec component?
In the context of behavioral contrast, a pigeon that experiences a shift from a multiple FR 10 VI 60-sec schedule to a multiple FR 100 VI 60-sec schedule will likely (increase/decrease) its rate of response on the VI 60-sec component?
- fluctuate
- increase (correct)
- decrease
- stay the same
In the analogy provided, when a woman's husband becomes less caring and affectionate at home, leading her to spend more time flirting with other men at work, this illustrates a (positive/negative) contrast effect?
In the analogy provided, when a woman's husband becomes less caring and affectionate at home, leading her to spend more time flirting with other men at work, this illustrates a (positive/negative) contrast effect?
- no contrast effect
- neutral
- positive (correct)
- negative
Based on the relationship dynamics described, when individuals who have experienced hardships in establishing a relationship encounter each other, their affection for each other is expected to be much (deeper/shallower) than normal. This is an example of (positive/negative) behavioral contrast.
Based on the relationship dynamics described, when individuals who have experienced hardships in establishing a relationship encounter each other, their affection for each other is expected to be much (deeper/shallower) than normal. This is an example of (positive/negative) behavioral contrast.
- deeper; negative
- deeper; positive (correct)
- shallower; negative
- shallower; positive
The occurrence of anticipatory contrast effect is evident when Jackie becomes more involved in a computer game upon hearing her mother mention that it is getting close to her bedtime. What type of contrast effect is this an example of?
The occurrence of anticipatory contrast effect is evident when Jackie becomes more involved in a computer game upon hearing her mother mention that it is getting close to her bedtime. What type of contrast effect is this an example of?
In the context of Vronsky's feelings for Anna in Tolstoy's Anna Karenina, when his feelings for Anna were much stronger when their relationship was more precarious, this is in line with the principle of __________ contrast.
In the context of Vronsky's feelings for Anna in Tolstoy's Anna Karenina, when his feelings for Anna were much stronger when their relationship was more precarious, this is in line with the principle of __________ contrast.
When comparing the situation of a woman whose husband becomes much more affectionate and caring at home, leading her to spend less time flirting with other men at work, to the concept of behavioral contrast, this situation illustrates a (positive/negative) contrast effect?
When comparing the situation of a woman whose husband becomes much more affectionate and caring at home, leading her to spend less time flirting with other men at work, to the concept of behavioral contrast, this situation illustrates a (positive/negative) contrast effect?
What is the temporary increase in the frequency and intensity of responding when extinction is first implemented known as?
What is the temporary increase in the frequency and intensity of responding when extinction is first implemented known as?
Which behavior refers to the reappearance during extinction of other behaviors that had once been effective in obtaining reinforcers?
Which behavior refers to the reappearance during extinction of other behaviors that had once been effective in obtaining reinforcers?
What does the term 'Increase in Variability' refer to in the context of extinction?
What does the term 'Increase in Variability' refer to in the context of extinction?
Which emotional response is commonly associated with frustration during extinction?
Which emotional response is commonly associated with frustration during extinction?
What does Nelson Mandela suggest about the human heart and love?
What does Nelson Mandela suggest about the human heart and love?
According to Nelson Mandela, how does hate develop in people?
According to Nelson Mandela, how does hate develop in people?
What factor contributes to resistance to extinction of a behavior?
What factor contributes to resistance to extinction of a behavior?
Which schedule of reinforcement results in high resistance to extinction?
Which schedule of reinforcement results in high resistance to extinction?
What effect does the punisher effect have on resistance to extinction?
What effect does the punisher effect have on resistance to extinction?
How does previous experience with extinction affect resistance to extinction?
How does previous experience with extinction affect resistance to extinction?
What facilitates extinction by reinforcing a behavior that is specifically incompatible with the target behavior?
What facilitates extinction by reinforcing a behavior that is specifically incompatible with the target behavior?
What result might occur in the case of the husband and wife example due to the wife's ignoring him?
What result might occur in the case of the husband and wife example due to the wife's ignoring him?
What does the presence of a distinctive signal for extinction do?
What does the presence of a distinctive signal for extinction do?
What can differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) do to facilitate extinction?
What can differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) do to facilitate extinction?
What happens when behaviors have been reinforced many times?
What happens when behaviors have been reinforced many times?
What can result in a temporary period of depression or apathy?
What can result in a temporary period of depression or apathy?
What does the punisher effect suggest about behaviors reinforced with high-magnitude reinforcers?
What does the punisher effect suggest about behaviors reinforced with high-magnitude reinforcers?
How does deprivation level impact resistance to extinction?
How does deprivation level impact resistance to extinction?
Which procedure involves reinforcing a dog for sitting quietly when visitors enter the house?
Which procedure involves reinforcing a dog for sitting quietly when visitors enter the house?
What is the term for the tendency of an operant response to be emitted in the presence of a stimulus that is similar to an SD?
What is the term for the tendency of an operant response to be emitted in the presence of a stimulus that is similar to an SD?
What happens in the Peak Shift Effect?
What happens in the Peak Shift Effect?
What does a pigeon's responding on different keys when presented with multiple schedules result in?
What does a pigeon's responding on different keys when presented with multiple schedules result in?
In behavioral contrast, what happens when there is an increase in the rate of reinforcement on one component?
In behavioral contrast, what happens when there is an increase in the rate of reinforcement on one component?
Which procedure involves reinforcing a dog for doing something other than jumping up on visitors as they enter the house?
Which procedure involves reinforcing a dog for doing something other than jumping up on visitors as they enter the house?
What type of effect does a man seeking out a more dissimilar partner after a poor relationship exemplify?
What type of effect does a man seeking out a more dissimilar partner after a poor relationship exemplify?
What best describes stimulus control?
What best describes stimulus control?
What is the result of a change in the rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule according to behavioral contrast?
What is the result of a change in the rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule according to behavioral contrast?
What does stimulus generalization refer to?
What does stimulus generalization refer to?
What is an example of behavioral contrast?
What is an example of behavioral contrast?
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Study Notes
- Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO): a procedure where a dog is given food whenever it does something other than jump up on visitors as they enter the house.
- Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI): a procedure where a dog is given a treat for sitting quietly when visitors enter the house.
- DRO and DRI procedures are effective because they weaken the target behavior and reinforce alternative behaviors.
- Stimulus Control: the presence of a discriminative stimulus reliably affects the probability of a behavior; a rat learns to press a lever only in the presence of a specific tone.
- Stimulus Generalization: tendency for an operant response to be emitted in the presence of a stimulus that is similar to an SD.
- The Peak Shift Effect: after extinction training, the strongest response shifts away from the SD to a stimulus that lies in a direction opposite to the SΔ.
- The Peak Shift Effect: a man seeks out a woman who is even more dissimilar from his ex-partner after a poor relationship.
- Multiple Schedules and Behavioral Contrast: a pigeon's responding on different keys when presented with multiple schedules results in a scalloped pattern of responding.
- Behavioral Contrast: a change in the rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule produces an opposite change in the rate of response on another component.
- Behavioral Contrast: in a negative contrast effect, an increase in the rate of reinforcement on one component produces a decrease in the rate of response on the other component.
- Behavioral Contrast: in a positive contrast effect, a decrease in rate of reinforcement on one component results in an increase in rate of response on the other component.
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