Behavioral Psychology Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is punishment?

  • A consequence stimulus that decreases future behavior (correct)
  • An event observed by another person
  • A statement of the anticipated outcome
  • A consequence stimulus that increases future behavior

    • What does verification mean in behavioral analysis?

  • A verbal response that specifies its own reinforcer
  • Demonstrating the stability of baseline responding (correct)
  • The removal of something aversive
  • An event that is locatable in time and space

    • Define public event.

    An event observed by another person.

    What is stimulus control?

    <p>The relationship between a discriminative stimulus and the activity it induces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an experiment in the context of behavioral analysis?

    <p>A controlled comparison of a phenomenon under different conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is prediction?

    <p>A statement of the anticipated outcome of a future measurement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define behavior.

    <p>Requirements that variables under study be observable and measurable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is positive reinforcement?

    <p>The delivery of something preferred that increases future behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does contingency refer to?

    <p>A dependent relationship between two events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define verbal behavior.

    <p>Operant behavior by a speaker reinforced by listener's behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ontogeny?

    <p>How the environment changes an individual over their lifetime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a natural event?

    <p>An event that is locatable in time and space in the natural world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tact?

    <p>A verbal response emitted in the presence of an object or event.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define discrimination.

    <p>A change in behavior with a change in context.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are principles of behavior?

    <p>Reinforcement and punishment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is methodological behavior?

    <p>A philosophical position excluding unobservable behavioral events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define dependent variable.

    <p>The variable measured to determine changes resulting from manipulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is radical behaviorism?

    <p>Skinner's comprehensive form of behaviorism encompassing all forms of behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does realism mean in behavioral analysis?

    <p>The view that assumes only the natural world and an absolute truth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is replication in experiments?

    <p>Repeating conditions within an experiment to assess reliability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a discriminative stimulus (SD)?

    <p>Changes in the environment that evoke different activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define private event.

    <p>An event observable only by the individual performing it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is experimental analysis of behavior?

    <p>The study of operant behavior using single-subject designs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is negative punishment?

    <p>The removal of something preferred that decreases future behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define mand.

    <p>A verbal response that specifies its own reinforcer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cultural selectionism?

    <p>When behavior is passed within a group through consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does EAB stand for?

    <p>Experimental Analysis of Behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reinforcement?

    <p>A consequence stimulus that increases future behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define classical conditioning.

    <p>Learning through the association of a stimulus with an automatic response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an independent variable?

    <p>The variable that is manipulated to observe changes in the dependent variable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pragmatism?

    <p>The idea that a question is worth pursuing only if it changes knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define reinforcement trap.

    <p>A short-term contingency that reinforces maladaptive behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is applied behavior analysis?

    <p>Using behavioral principles to improve socially important behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is methodological behaviorism?

    <p>The exclusion of unobservable behavioral events in research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does determinism refer to?

    <p>The assumption that the universe operates in a lawful manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is explanatory fiction?

    <p>A fictitious variable attributing inner causes to behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mentalism?

    <p>The assumption of an 'inner' dimension as the explanation of behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is operant conditioning?

    <p>Learning through interactions with the environment, including reinforcement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is positive punishment?

    <p>The delivery of something aversive that decreases future behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is negative reinforcement?

    <p>The removal of something aversive that increases future behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is empiricism?

    <p>Knowledge based on experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is behaviorism?

    <p>Philosophical principles underlying behavioral analysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define parsimony.

    <p>Scientific explanation that emphasizes simplicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are situational ethics?

    <p>Tailoring behavior according to specific situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is phylogeny?

    <p>The evolutionary history of individuals based on environmental contingencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is selectionism?

    <p>The evolution of life due to functional selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is rule-governed behavior?

    <p>Behavior controlled by a rule that influences actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the 7 Dimensions of ABA.

    <p>Applied, Behavioral, Analytic, Technological, Conceptual Systems, Effective, Generality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does applied mean in ABA?

    <p>Selecting socially significant behaviors for change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define behavioral in ABA.

    <p>Variables under study must be observable and measurable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is analytic in ABA?

    <p>Demonstrating functional relationships using single-subject designs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does technical mean in ABA?

    <p>Thorough and accurate description of interventions procedures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is conceptual in ABA?

    <p>Interventions must be based on behavioral principles with empirical support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does effective mean in ABA?

    <p>Improvement of behavior must be socially significant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is generativity in ABA?

    <p>Behaviors must last over time and occur in different environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Behavior Terms and Concepts

    • Punishment: A consequence that reduces the future occurrence of a behavior.
    • Verification: Demonstrating stability in baseline behavior without the influence of an independent variable.
    • Public Event: An observable occurrence noticed by another individual.
    • Stimulus Control: The relationship between a discriminative stimulus and the resultant behavior.
    • Experiment: A controlled assessment comparing outcomes under different conditions.
    • Prediction: An anticipated result concerning an unknown or future measurement.
    • Behavior: Observable and measurable variable in psychological studies.
    • Positive Reinforcement: Delivery of a preferred outcome that increases behavior frequency.
    • Contingency: A dependent connection between two different events.
    • Verbal Behavior: Operant behavior of a speaker influenced by listener responses.
    • Ontogeny: Individual changes influenced by environmental factors throughout life.
    • Natural Event: An occurrence that can be placed in time and space within the natural realm.
    • Tact: A verbal expression related to an object or situation (labeling).
    • Discrimination: Behavioral response variance in different contexts.
    • Principles of Behavior: Basic concepts like reinforcement and punishment guiding behavior analysis.
    • Methodological Behaviorism: Philosophical view focusing solely on observable behaviors.
    • Dependent Variable: Measured variable to assess changes resulting from independent variables.
    • Radical Behaviorism: Skinner's comprehensive approach incorporating both observable and private behaviors.
    • Realism: Belief in an objective reality based on natural world principles.
    • Replication: Repeating experiment conditions to verify findings and validity.
    • Discriminative Stimulus (SD): Environmental changes that elicit specific behaviors.
    • Private Event: An event recognizable only by the individual involved.
    • Experimental Analysis of Behavior: A natural science approach to studying operant behavior.
    • Negative Punishment: Removal of a preferred item that decreases behavior occurrence.
    • Mand: A verbal request indicating its own reinforcer.
    • Cultural Selectionism: Transmission of behavior and norms within a group led by consequences promoting survival.
    • Reinforcement: Consequence that enhances future occurrences of a behavior.
    • Classical Conditioning: Learning process where neutral stimuli invoke automatic responses through association.
    • Independent Variable: The manipulated variable to observe its effects on dependent variables.
    • Pragmatism: Emphasis on practical implications of knowledge in inquiry.
    • Reinforcement Trap: Short-term reinforcement of maladaptive behaviors conflicting with long-term positive behavior influences.
    • Applied Behavior Analysis: Science aiming to enhance socially significant behaviors using empirical interventions.
    • Determinism: The belief that events occur systematically in relation to other events.
    • Explanatory Fiction: Implied internal causes for observable behavior, often misleading interpretations.
    • Mentalism: Conceptualizing behavior through an assumed inner dimension or mental state.
    • Operant Conditioning: Learning via environmental interactions, shaped by reinforcement.
    • Positive Punishment: Introduction of aversive stimuli that diminishes the behavior.
    • Negative Reinforcement: Removal of unpleasant stimuli resulting in increased behavior frequency.
    • Empiricism: Constructing knowledge based on experiential evidence.
    • Behaviorism: Philosophical framework underlying behavior analysis.
    • Parsimony: Scientific preference for simple explanations reliant on established knowledge.
    • Situational Ethics: Conduct adapting to specific situations rather than applying universal moral standards.
    • Phylogeny: The evolutionary development influenced by historical environmental contingencies.
    • Selectionism: Evolution driven by functional adaptations across all life forms.
    • Rule-Governed Behavior: Behavior modulated by rules that influence actions based on potential delayed consequences.

    7 Dimensions of ABA

    • Applied: Focus on socially significant behavior changes.
    • Behavioral: Study observable and measurable variables.
    • Analytic: Use single-subject designs to demonstrate functional relationships.
    • Technological: Thorough and accurate detailing of intervention procedures.
    • Conceptual Systems: Ground interventions in behavior principles with empirical support.
    • Effective: Ensure that behavior changes yield social significance and are data-driven.
    • Generality: Ensures behavior changes persist over time and contexts beyond training environments.

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    Enhance your understanding of key concepts in behavioral psychology with these flashcards. Each card presents a crucial term along with its definition to help reinforce your learning. Perfect for students looking to solidify their knowledge in the subject.

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