Behavioral Psychology Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is punishment?

A consequence stimulus that decreases future behavior (correct)

An event observed by another person

A statement of the anticipated outcome

A consequence stimulus that increases future behavior

What does verification mean in behavioral analysis?

A verbal response that specifies its own reinforcer

Demonstrating the stability of baseline responding (correct)

The removal of something aversive

An event that is locatable in time and space

Define public event.

An event observed by another person.

What is stimulus control?

The relationship between a discriminative stimulus and the activity it induces. Signup and view all the answers

What is an experiment in the context of behavioral analysis?

A controlled comparison of a phenomenon under different conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What is prediction?

A statement of the anticipated outcome of a future measurement. Signup and view all the answers

Define behavior.

Requirements that variables under study be observable and measurable. Signup and view all the answers

What is positive reinforcement?

The delivery of something preferred that increases future behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What does contingency refer to?

A dependent relationship between two events. Signup and view all the answers

Define verbal behavior.

Operant behavior by a speaker reinforced by listener's behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is ontogeny?

How the environment changes an individual over their lifetime. Signup and view all the answers

What is a natural event?

An event that is locatable in time and space in the natural world. Signup and view all the answers

What is tact?

A verbal response emitted in the presence of an object or event. Signup and view all the answers

Define discrimination.

A change in behavior with a change in context. Signup and view all the answers

What are principles of behavior?

Reinforcement and punishment. Signup and view all the answers

What is methodological behavior?

A philosophical position excluding unobservable behavioral events. Signup and view all the answers

Define dependent variable.

The variable measured to determine changes resulting from manipulation. Signup and view all the answers

What is radical behaviorism?

Skinner's comprehensive form of behaviorism encompassing all forms of behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What does realism mean in behavioral analysis?

The view that assumes only the natural world and an absolute truth. Signup and view all the answers

What is replication in experiments?

Repeating conditions within an experiment to assess reliability. Signup and view all the answers

What is a discriminative stimulus (SD)?

Changes in the environment that evoke different activities. Signup and view all the answers

Define private event.

An event observable only by the individual performing it. Signup and view all the answers

What is experimental analysis of behavior?

The study of operant behavior using single-subject designs. Signup and view all the answers

What is negative punishment?

The removal of something preferred that decreases future behavior. Signup and view all the answers

Define mand.

A verbal response that specifies its own reinforcer. Signup and view all the answers

What is cultural selectionism?

When behavior is passed within a group through consequences. Signup and view all the answers

What does EAB stand for?

Experimental Analysis of Behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is reinforcement?

A consequence stimulus that increases future behavior. Signup and view all the answers

Define classical conditioning.

Learning through the association of a stimulus with an automatic response. Signup and view all the answers

What is an independent variable?

The variable that is manipulated to observe changes in the dependent variable. Signup and view all the answers

What is pragmatism?

The idea that a question is worth pursuing only if it changes knowledge. Signup and view all the answers

Define reinforcement trap.

A short-term contingency that reinforces maladaptive behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is applied behavior analysis?

Using behavioral principles to improve socially important behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is methodological behaviorism?

The exclusion of unobservable behavioral events in research. Signup and view all the answers

What does determinism refer to?

The assumption that the universe operates in a lawful manner. Signup and view all the answers

What is explanatory fiction?

A fictitious variable attributing inner causes to behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is mentalism?

The assumption of an 'inner' dimension as the explanation of behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is operant conditioning?

Learning through interactions with the environment, including reinforcement. Signup and view all the answers

What is positive punishment?

The delivery of something aversive that decreases future behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is negative reinforcement?

The removal of something aversive that increases future behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is empiricism?

Knowledge based on experience. Signup and view all the answers

What is behaviorism?

Philosophical principles underlying behavioral analysis. Signup and view all the answers

Define parsimony.

Scientific explanation that emphasizes simplicity. Signup and view all the answers

What are situational ethics?

Tailoring behavior according to specific situations. Signup and view all the answers

What is phylogeny?

The evolutionary history of individuals based on environmental contingencies. Signup and view all the answers

What is selectionism?

The evolution of life due to functional selection. Signup and view all the answers

What is rule-governed behavior?

Behavior controlled by a rule that influences actions. Signup and view all the answers

List the 7 Dimensions of ABA.

Applied, Behavioral, Analytic, Technological, Conceptual Systems, Effective, Generality. Signup and view all the answers

What does applied mean in ABA?

Selecting socially significant behaviors for change. Signup and view all the answers

Define behavioral in ABA.

Variables under study must be observable and measurable. Signup and view all the answers

What is analytic in ABA?

Demonstrating functional relationships using single-subject designs. Signup and view all the answers

What does technical mean in ABA?

Thorough and accurate description of interventions procedures. Signup and view all the answers

What is conceptual in ABA?

Interventions must be based on behavioral principles with empirical support. Signup and view all the answers

What does effective mean in ABA?

Improvement of behavior must be socially significant. Signup and view all the answers

What is generativity in ABA?

Behaviors must last over time and occur in different environments. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Behavior Terms and Concepts

Punishment: A consequence that reduces the future occurrence of a behavior.
Verification: Demonstrating stability in baseline behavior without the influence of an independent variable.
Public Event: An observable occurrence noticed by another individual.
Stimulus Control: The relationship between a discriminative stimulus and the resultant behavior.
Experiment: A controlled assessment comparing outcomes under different conditions.
Prediction: An anticipated result concerning an unknown or future measurement.
Behavior: Observable and measurable variable in psychological studies.
Positive Reinforcement: Delivery of a preferred outcome that increases behavior frequency.
Contingency: A dependent connection between two different events.
Verbal Behavior: Operant behavior of a speaker influenced by listener responses.
Ontogeny: Individual changes influenced by environmental factors throughout life.
Natural Event: An occurrence that can be placed in time and space within the natural realm.
Tact: A verbal expression related to an object or situation (labeling).
Discrimination: Behavioral response variance in different contexts.
Principles of Behavior: Basic concepts like reinforcement and punishment guiding behavior analysis.
Methodological Behaviorism: Philosophical view focusing solely on observable behaviors.
Dependent Variable: Measured variable to assess changes resulting from independent variables.
Radical Behaviorism: Skinner's comprehensive approach incorporating both observable and private behaviors.
Realism: Belief in an objective reality based on natural world principles.
Replication: Repeating experiment conditions to verify findings and validity.
Discriminative Stimulus (SD): Environmental changes that elicit specific behaviors.
Private Event: An event recognizable only by the individual involved.
Experimental Analysis of Behavior: A natural science approach to studying operant behavior.
Negative Punishment: Removal of a preferred item that decreases behavior occurrence.
Mand: A verbal request indicating its own reinforcer.
Cultural Selectionism: Transmission of behavior and norms within a group led by consequences promoting survival.
Reinforcement: Consequence that enhances future occurrences of a behavior.
Classical Conditioning: Learning process where neutral stimuli invoke automatic responses through association.
Independent Variable: The manipulated variable to observe its effects on dependent variables.
Pragmatism: Emphasis on practical implications of knowledge in inquiry.
Reinforcement Trap: Short-term reinforcement of maladaptive behaviors conflicting with long-term positive behavior influences.
Applied Behavior Analysis: Science aiming to enhance socially significant behaviors using empirical interventions.
Determinism: The belief that events occur systematically in relation to other events.
Explanatory Fiction: Implied internal causes for observable behavior, often misleading interpretations.
Mentalism: Conceptualizing behavior through an assumed inner dimension or mental state.
Operant Conditioning: Learning via environmental interactions, shaped by reinforcement.
Positive Punishment: Introduction of aversive stimuli that diminishes the behavior.
Negative Reinforcement: Removal of unpleasant stimuli resulting in increased behavior frequency.
Empiricism: Constructing knowledge based on experiential evidence.
Behaviorism: Philosophical framework underlying behavior analysis.
Parsimony: Scientific preference for simple explanations reliant on established knowledge.
Situational Ethics: Conduct adapting to specific situations rather than applying universal moral standards.
Phylogeny: The evolutionary development influenced by historical environmental contingencies.
Selectionism: Evolution driven by functional adaptations across all life forms.
Rule-Governed Behavior: Behavior modulated by rules that influence actions based on potential delayed consequences.

7 Dimensions of ABA

Applied: Focus on socially significant behavior changes.
Behavioral: Study observable and measurable variables.
Analytic: Use single-subject designs to demonstrate functional relationships.
Technological: Thorough and accurate detailing of intervention procedures.
Conceptual Systems: Ground interventions in behavior principles with empirical support.
Effective: Ensure that behavior changes yield social significance and are data-driven.
Generality: Ensures behavior changes persist over time and contexts beyond training environments.

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Enhance your understanding of key concepts in behavioral psychology with these flashcards. Each card presents a crucial term along with its definition to help reinforce your learning. Perfect for students looking to solidify their knowledge in the subject.