Questions and Answers
Differential reinforcement works by?
Reinforcing only the behaviors that should be increased while removing reinforcement from behaviors that should be decreased.
Which of the following is an example of negative punishment?
Type 1 punishment involves?
Adding a condition to reduce a behavior.
Extinction of behavior maintained by positive reinforcement works by?
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At what point should a behavior reduction plan be considered?
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What is the best course of action to take in the event of an extinction burst?
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Under which of the following circumstances should extinction not be used?
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Escape extinction works by?
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Spontaneous recovery refers to?
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Which of the following could ensure that an intervention involving the use of punishment is effective?
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Which of the following is an example of a motivating operation?
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Extinction works by?
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Which of the following functions of behavior involves avoiding a task or interaction?
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What is the difference between differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) and differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI)?
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The quote 'all behavior has a communication intent' can be best explained by the statement?
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In which situations are differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior (DRL) used?
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Punishment is the result of a stimulus following a behavior that serves to?
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Which of the following is an example of positive punishment?
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Study Notes
Differential Reinforcement
- Differential reinforcement involves reinforcing desired behaviors while withholding reinforcement from undesired behaviors.
- It aims to increase positive behaviors and decrease negative ones effectively.
Negative Punishment
- An example is paying a speeding ticket, which removes money or privileges as a consequence of behavior.
Type 1 Punishment
- Involves adding an adverse condition to decrease a behavior, acting as a deterrent.
Extinction of Behavior
- Extinction eliminates behaviors maintained by positive reinforcement by removing the reinforcer for the undesired behavior.
Behavior Reduction Plan
- Should be implemented when other environmental variables for the behavior have been assessed and ruled out.
Extinction Burst
- If an extinction burst occurs, it's crucial to continue the intervention despite potential behavioral escalation.
Conditions for Not Using Extinction
- Extinction should not be applied if it poses a risk of harm to the individual or people in their environment.
Escape Extinction
- Prevents individuals from escaping situations they are trying to avoid, thus addressing escape-maintained behavior.
Spontaneous Recovery
- Refers to the unexpected return of an extinguished behavior after a period without reinforcement.
Effective Punishment Intervention
- Reviewing and collecting data on interventions involving punishment can enhance their effectiveness and monitor progress.
Motivating Operations
- A motivating operation is illustrated by an example where Jan's hunger motivates her to work harder for a food reward.
General Extinction Process
- Extinction entails abruptly halting reinforcement for problematic behavior, leading to reduced frequency over time.
Functions of Behavior
- Escape refers to behaviors aimed at avoiding particular tasks or social interactions.
Differential Reinforcement Techniques
- Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) allows for the replacement behavior to be independent of the undesired behavior.
- Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) focuses on behaviors that cannot occur simultaneously with the undesirable behavior.
Communication Intent of Behavior
- The statement "all behavior has a communication intent" implies that behaviors serve specific purposes for individuals, reflecting underlying needs or messages.
Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates (DRL)
- Employ DRL when behaviors are acceptable at reduced frequencies, promoting moderation rather than complete cessation.
Role of Punishment
- Punishment serves to reduce behavior by applying a stimulus after the behavior occurs.
Positive Punishment Example
- An example includes verbally admonishing someone (e.g., saying "no") to prevent dangerous actions like running into the street.
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Test your knowledge on decreasing behaviors with these flashcards. Each card presents a concept related to behavioral reinforcement and punishment. Perfect for students learning about behavior modification techniques.